The History and Antiquities of London, Westminster, Southwark, and Parts Adjacent, vol. 4

Allen, Thomas

1827

St. Anne's Church.

 

The principal front of this church, contrary to custom, is the eastern it abuts on . facing , and the building is situated in a spacious burying ground.

The plan gives a nave and side aisles, with a tower attached to the west end, and at the eastern a chancel flanked by vestibules. The walls are brick with rusticated angles, and the roof is tiled. The east front consists of a centre and wings: in the former is a large arched window. The elevation is finished with a pediment, in the tympanum of which is a circular window. The side elevations contain doorways, crowned with pediments, and surmounted by circular windows; the upright--of each finishes with half a pediment, raking up to the central division; the flanks are uniform, they respectively contain tier of windows, in the lower , and in the upper ; the former are low and arched in an ellipsis, the upper are arched circularly. All the windows are merely openings in the brick wall, without any ornamental stone-work. Near the west end is a doorway, fronted by a porch tastefully carved in oak. The elevation finishes with a cantilever cornice. The west end, in its general features, resembles the opposite front. In the centre is a square tower of brick, carried up to the roof of the church

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in the plainest style, pierced with windows where occasion required. The story which is clear of the main edifice is more ornamental; the angles are canted off and finished ; in every face are Doric columns, and the whole is crowned with an entablature; the intercolumniations filled in with weather boarding. Above this story the steeple takes a most singular and curious form, insomuch as to render it an object of ridicule throughout the metropolis. Upon the square story is a platform of steps, upon which is placed a cylindrical addition crowned with copper, and pierced with a band of circular windows. On the crown of this portion are other steps, on which a kind of bell-shaped pedestal sustains a globe, to which is affixed dials. Above this odd-looking conclusion, which the architect thought would scarce make a finish, is a kind of pyramidal addition of iron work, ending in a vane. However destitute of invention the architect's genius appears to have been, he has shown his fondness for variety in the choice of his materials, of which there are different sorts in this singular structure, viz. brick, stone, copper, and iron, in succession. The interior is approached by the entrances in the flanks, and by others in vestibules at the east end; which latter contain stairs to the galleries. The division between the nave and aisles is made by square piers, ornamented with pilasters of the Doric order, which sustain, with the intervention of pedestals, insulated and engaged columns of the Ionic order; the capitals have wreaths of foliage hanging from the volutes; the columns are surmounted by their entablature; the frieze is convexed, and enriched with a continuous wreath of acanthines, broken by grotesque masks above the centre of each intercolumniation, and by cherubic heads over each column; the ornamental portions hitherto described are executed in wood. The ceiling of the nave is an arched vault, the curve of which is cycloidal; it is made into divisions, corresponding with the intercolumniations by ribs pannelled with coffers and roses, and the intervals occupied with square moulded pannels; the ceiling of the aisles is horizontal. A gallery is constructed above the side aisles, which also extends across the west end; the front is pannelled and rests on the piers. A secondary gallery at the west end contains the organ and seats for the charity children. The altar is situated within a semicircular niche at the east end; it is parted from the church by a bold arch, with a sculptured key-stone. The ceiling is a half dome, with a richly pannelled soffit; the pannels occupied With branches of palm and other foliage. The altar screen is of the Doric order; it sweeps to the form of the recess, and is made into divisions by columns and pilasters; above the columns are urns. Besides the usual inscriptions are paintings of Moses and Aaron; the whole has a mean appearance, being formed of wood Painted white, with gold mouldings. The east window contains octagon medallions, painted with the following subjects:--. Our Saviour between a crown of thorns, and another of triumph; and

308

saints, distinguished by their legends inscribed beneath them:

S'tus Petrus, Ap.

S's. Johannes, Ap.

S'tus Paulus, Ap

. Beneath the last is

S. Jacob' Ma'. Apo'.

between a chalice and an urn. The colours are very vivid and the figures well painted. The pulpit and reading-desk are situated on opposite sides of the nave, in front of the chancel.

The font is a neat basin of veined marble on a pedestal, and is situated on the south side of the church.

On the south side of the chancel is a handsome mural monument inscribed to the memory of the right hon. Grace Pierpont, daughter to the marquis of Dorchester, who died , aged . Above the inscription is a whole length statue of the deceased, between weeping cherubs, beneath a handsome canopy supported by twisted columns. On the same side, but lower, is a neat basso-relievo of a female representing religion, with a book open at St. James, i. . It is to Mrs. Anne Fountain.

On the north side of the chancel is a monument, with a half-length effigy to Mrs. Diana Farrel, who died , aged .

In the north aisle is a plain tablet to W. Hamilton, R. A. who died , aged . And a neat tablet to general Harry Trelawney, lieut. col. Coldstream guards, died , aged .

In the south aisle is a neat tablet, with military trophies, etc to James Robertson, esq. colonel of the Royal regiment of volunteers, who died , aged .

Also a tablet richly and chastely adorned with the sword and fasces, &c. to the memory of lieut.-col. C. T. Brereton of the regiment of guards, who died , aged .

In the church-yard is a tablet, with the following inscription:

Near this place is interred Theodore, king of Corsica, who died in this parish December 11, 1756, immediately after leaving the King's Bench prison, by the benefit of the act of insolvency in consequence of which he registered his kingdom of Corsica for the use of his creditors. The grave, great teacher, to a level brings Heroes and beggars, galley-slaves and kings. But Theodore this moral learn'd e'er dead; Fate pour'd its lesson on his living head; Bestow'd a kingdom, and denied him bread.

This church is feet long, in breadth, and feet in height.

This edifice having been dedicated to St. Anne, out of compliment to the princess Anne of Denmark, had at a steeple of Danish architecture, and was the only specimen of the kind in London.

Soho is an extensive tract of ground, occupied by numerous streets in the neighbourhood of Leicester-fields, up to , and abutting on on the western side.

309

 

has a very pleasing and somewhat rural appearance. In the centre is a large area within a handsome iron railing, inclosing several trees, shrubs, and a pedestrian statue of king Charles II. at the feet of which are figures emblematical of the rivers Thames, Trent, Severn, and Humber. They are in a most wretchedly mutilated state, and the inscriptions on the base of the pedestal quite illegible.

At the north-east corner is the house which formerly belonged to the earls of Carlisle, and which subsequently became a place of resort for masquerades, balls, assemblies, &c. The grand saloon was converted into a Roman , and is now called St. Patrick's chapel.

This square has risen into considerable notice, by a very extensive, novel, and curious establishment, founded by John Trotter, esq. a gentleman of considerable opulence and respectability, residing in this place. This institution is denominated a

bazaar,

a well known oriental term for a kind of fixed fair or market.

The premises (originally used by the store-keeper-general, and part of which are now occupied by this concern, are very commodious and spacious, containing a space of nearly feet by , from the square to on hand, and to on the other, consisting of several rooms, conveniently and comfort ably fitted up with handsome mahogany counters, extending not only round the sides, but in the lower and upper rooms, forming a parallelogram in the middle. These counters, having at proper distances flaps or falling-doors, are in contiguity with each other, but are respectively distinguished by a small groove at a distance of every feet of counter, the pannels of which are numbered with conspicuous figures.

The room, which is entered from the square, is feet long, and broad. The walls are hung with red cloth, and at the ends are large mirrors, a conspicuous clock, fire-places, &c. The principal sale is in jewellery, toys, books, prints, millinery, &c. and is entirely conducted by females.

This square also derives celebrity from being the town residence of the late venerable and excellent sir Joseph Banks, whose whole life was supereminently devoted to science, and the diffusion of almost every branch of useful knowledge.

was formerly called , and it occupies about acres, but has been greatly altered since the original disposition of the ground; then a fountain of streams fell into a basin in the centre, where now stands the worn-out statue already described. It was once called Monmouth-square, the duke of Monmouth living in the house; and there is a tradition that, on the death of the duke, his admirers changed it to Soho, being the word of the day at the battle of Sedgmoor. The house was purchased by lord Bateman; after which it was let on building leases, and a row of houses erected, called Bateman's-buildings, on the south side

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running into . The name of the unfortunate duke is still preserved in that of , now celebrated only for. its old clothes, shoes, &c. and shop cellars.

 
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 Title Page
 Dedication
CHAPTER I: Site, local divisions, and government of the City of Westminster; history of the Abbey; Coronation Ceremonies; and lists of the Abbots and Deans
CHAPTER II: Westminster Abbey, and Description of the Tombs and Monuments
CHAPTER III: History and Topography of St. Margaret's Parish
CHAPTER IV: History and Topography of St. John's Parish, Westminster
CHAPTER V: History and Topography of the parish of St. Martin's in the Fields, Westminster
CHAPTER VI: History and Topogrpahy of the parish of St. James, Westminster
CHAPTER VII: History and Topography of the Parish of St. Anne, Westminster
CHAPTER VIII: History and Topography of the parish of St. Paul, Covent Garden
CHAPTER IX: History and Topography of the Parish of St. Mary-le-strand
CHAPTER X: History and Topogrpahy of the parish of St. Clement Danes
CHAPTER XI: History and Topography of the parish of st. George, Hanover Square
CHAPTER XII: History and Topography of the Precinct of the Savoy
CHAPTER XIII: History and Topography of the Inns of Court
CHAPTER XIV: History and Topography of the Precincts of the Charter-house and Ely Place, and the Liberty of the Rolls
 CHAPTER XV: Historical Notices of the Borough of Southwark
CHAPTER XVI: History and Topography of the Parish of St. Olave, Southwark
CHAPTER XVII: History and Topography of the parish of St. John, Southwark
CHAPTER XVIII: History and Topography of the parish of St. Thomas, Southwark
CHAPTER XIX: History and Topogrpahy of the parish of St. George's, Southwark
CHAPTER XX: History and Topography of St. Saviour's Parish
CHAPTER XXI: History and Topography of the parist of Christ-church in the County of Surrey
 CHAPTER XXII: A List of the Principal Books, &c that have been published in Illustration of the Antiquities, History, Topography, and other subjects treated of in this Work
 Addenda et Corrigienda
 Postscript