The History and Antiquities of London, Westminster, Southwark, and Parts Adjacent, vol. 4

Allen, Thomas

1827

The Crowning.

 

The archbishop, standing before the altar, took the crown into his hands, and laying it again before him upon the altar, said,

O God, who crownest thy faithful servants with mercy and loving kindnesses, &c.

Then the king sat down in king Edward's chair; the archbishop, assisted with other bishops, came from the altar; the dean of brought the crown, and the archbishop taking it of him, reverently put it upon the king's head. At the sight whereof the people, with loud and repeated shouts, cried,

God save the king!

and the trumpets sounded, and, by a signal given, the great guns at the Tower were shot off.

The noise ceasing, the archbishop rose and said,

Be strong and of good courage: observe the commandments of God, and walk in his holy ways: fight the good fight of faith, and lay hold on eternal life; that in this world you may be crowned with success and honour, and when you have finished your course, you may receive a crown of righteousness, which God the righteous Judge shall give you in that day. Amen.

Then the choir sung this short anthem:--

The King shall rejoice in thy strength, O Lord, &c.

As soon as the king was crowned, the peers, bishops, &c. put on their coronets and caps.

The dean of took the Holy Bible, which was carried in the procession, from off the altar, and delivered it to the archbishop, who, with the rest of the bishops going along with him, presented it to the king, saying these words to him:--

Our gracious King; we present unto your Majesty this book, the most valuable thing that this world affordeth, &c.

Then the king delivered back the Bible to the archbishop, who gave it to the dean of , to be reverently placed again upon the holy altar.

And now the king having been thus anointed and crowned, and having received all the ensigns of royalty, the archbishop solemnly blessed him, and all the bishops standing about him, with the rest of the peers, with a loud and hearty Amen.

The Lord bless and keep you: the Lord make the light of his countenance to shine forever upon you, &c.

Then the archbishop turned to the people and said:--

And the same Lord God Almighty grant, &c.

The blessing being thus given, the king sat down in his chair, and vouchsafed to kiss the archbishop and bishops assisting at his coronation, they kneeling before him after another.

Then the choir began to sing the , and the king went up to the theatre on which the throne is placed, all the bishops, great officers, and other peers, attending him, and then he sat down and reposed himself in his chair, below the throne.

35

 

The being ended, the king was lifted up into his throne by the archbishop and bishops, and other peers of the kingdom. And being inthronized or placed therein, all the great officers, those that bore the swords and the sceptres, and the rest of the nobles, stood round about the steps of the throne, and the archbishop standing before the king, said,

Stand fast and hold from henceforth, the seat and imperial dignity which is this day delivered unto you in the name, and by the authority of Almighty God, and by the hands of us the bishops and servants of God, though unworthy; and as you see us approach nearer to God's altar, so vouchsafe the more graciously to continue to us your royal favour and protection. And the Lord God Almighty, whose ministers we are, and the stewards of his mysteries, establish your throne in righteousness, that it may stand fast for evermore, like as the sun before Him, and as the faithful witness in heaven. Amen.

The exhortation being ended, all the peers present did homage publicly and solemnly unto the king upon the theatre, and in the meantime the treasurer of the household threw among the people medals of gold and silver, as the king's princely largess or donative.

The archbishop knelt down before his majesty's knees, and the rest of the bishops knelt on either hand, and about him; and they did their homage together, for the shortening of the ceremony, the archbishop saying:--

I Charles archbishop of Canterbury [and so every

one

of the rest, I. N. bishop of N. repeating the rest audibly after the archbishop] will be faithful and true, and faith and truth will bear, unto you our Sovereign Lord, and your heirs, kings of the united kingdom of Great

Britain

and Ireland. And I will do, and truly acknowledge the service of the lands which I claim to hold of you, as in right of the church.--So help me God.

Then the archbishop kissed the king's left cheek, and so the rest of the bishops present after him.

After which the other peers of the realm did their homage in like manner, the dukes by themselves, and so the marquesses, the earls, the viscounts, and the barons, severally; the of each order kneeling before his majesty, and the rest with and about him, all putting off their coronets, and the of each class beginning, and the last saying after him:--

I N. duke or earl, &c. of N. do become your liege man of life and limb, and of earthly worship, and faith and truth I will bear unto you, to live and die, against all manner of folks.-So help me God.

The peers having done their homage, they stood all together round about the king; and each class or degree going by themselves, or (as it was at the coronation of king Charles the and ) every peer by , in order, put off their coronets, singly ascended the throne again, and stretching forth their hands, touched the crown on his majesty's head, as promising by that ceremony to be ever ready to support it with all their power, and then every of them kissed the king's cheek.

While the peers were thus doing their homage, and the medals thrown about, the king delivered his sceptre with the cross to the

36

lord of the manor of Worksop, to hold; and the other sceptre, or rod, with the dove, to the lord that carried it in the procession.

And the bishops that supported the king in the procession also eased him, by supporting the crown, as there was occasion.

While the medals were scattered, and the homage of the lords performed, the choir sung the anthem, with instrumental music of all sorts, as a solemn conclusion of the king's coronation.

Blessed be thou, Lord God of Israel, our Father, &c.

At the end of this anthem the drums beat, and the trumpets sounded, and all the people shouted, crying out,

God save King George the

Fourth

!

Long live King George!

May the King live for ever!

The solemnity of the king's coronation being thus ended, the archbishop left the king in his throne, and went down to the altar.

Then the offertory began, the archbishop reading these sentences:--

Let your light so shine before men; &c.

The king descended from his throne, supported and attended as before, and went to the steps of the altar, and knelt down there.

At the king offered bread and wine for the communion, which were brought out of king Edward's chapel, and delivered into his hands, the bread upon the paten by the bishop that read the Epistle, and the wine in the chalice by the bishop that read the Gospel; these were by the archbishop received from the king, and reverently placed upon the altar, and decently covered with a fair linen cloth, the archbishop saying this prayer:--

Bless, O Lord, we beseech thee, these thy gifts, &c.

Then the king kneeling, as before, made his oblation, offering a mark weight of gold, which the treasurer of the household delivered to the lord great chamberlain, and he to his majesty. And the archbishop came to him, and received it in the basin, and placed it upon the altar. After which the bishop said:--

O God, who dwellest in the high and holy place, &c.

Then the king returned to his chair, and knelt down at his faldstool; the archbishop said :

Let us pray for the whole state of Christ's church militant here on earth.

Almighty and ever living God, &c.

After the prayer of consecration, the archbishop, and dean of , with the bishops' assistants, namely, the preacher, and those who read the Litany, and the Epistle and Gospel, had communicated in both kinds, the archbishop administered the bread, and the dean of the cup, to the king.

At the delivery of the bread, was said,

The body of our Lord Jesus Christ, &c.

At the delivery of the cup,

37

The blood of our Lord Jesus Christ, which was shed for the preserve thy body and soul unto everlasting life. Drink this in remembrance that Christ's blood was shed

for

thee, and be thankful.

While the king received, the bishop appointed for that service held a towel of white silk, or fine linen, before him.

Then the archbishop went on to the post communion, saying,

Our Father which art in Heaven, &.

Then this prayer,

O Lord and heavenly Father, &c.

The king returned to his throne upon the theatre, and afterwards the archbishop read the final prayers.

The whole coronation office being thus performed, the king, attended and accompanied as before, the swords being carried before him, descended from his throne crowned, and carrying the sceptre and rod in his hands, went up to the area eastward of the theatre, and passed on through the door, on the south side of the altar, into king Edward's chapel; and as they passed by the altar, the rest of the regalia lying upon it were delivered by the dean of to the lords that carried them in the procession, and so they proceeded in state into the chapel; the organ all the while playing.

The king then came into the chapel, and standing before the altar, took off his crown, and delivered it, together with his sceptre, to the archbishop, who laid them upon the altar there; and the rest of the regalia were given into the hands of the dean of , and by him laid there also.

Then the king withdrew himself into his traverse prepared for him upon the western wall of that chapel.

Within his traverse the king was disrobed by the lord great chamberlain of his royal robe of slate (which was forthwith delivered to the dean of to be laid also upon the altar)and again arrayed with his robe of purple velvet, which was before laid ready in the traverse for that purpose.

When the king, thus habited, came forth of his traverse, he stood before the altar, and the archbishop being still vested in his cope, set the crown of slate, provided for the king to wear during the rest of the ceremony, upon his head. Then he gave the sceptre with the cross into the king's right hand, and the orb with the cross into his left; which being done, both the archbishop and dean divested themselves of their copes, and left them there, and proceeded in their usual habits.

Then the king carried his sceptre with the cross in his left hand, the swords being borne before the king, and the heralds having again put the rest of the procession in order, he went on from king Edward's chapel to the theatre, and thence through the midst of the choir and body of the church, out at the west door, and so returned to Westminster-hall.

38

 

At about minutes to the gates of the hall were thrown open to admit the procession on its return.

Viewed from the upper end of the hall through the arched way, the appearance of the white plumes of the knights of the Bath was most magnificent. On their entrance to the hall, the knights took off their hats, but the peers continued to wear their coronets. The procession then entered in the following order :--

The King's Herbwoman, with her six Maids.
Messenger of the College of Arms.
High Constable of Westminster.
Fife and Drums, as beforeWho, on arrival in the Hall, immediately went into the Gallery over the Triumphal Arch.
Drum Major
Eight Trumpets
Kettle Drums
Eight Trumpets
Serjeant Trumpeter.
Serjeant Porter.
Knight Marshal and his Officers.
Six Clerks in Chancery.
King's Chaplains.
Sheriffs of London.
Aldermen and Recorder of London.
Masters in Chancery.
King's Serjeants at Law.
King's Ancient Serjeant,
King's Solicitor-General.King's Attorney-General.
Gentlemen of the Privy Chamber.
Barons of the Exchequer, and Justices of both Benches.
Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer.Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas.
Vice Chancellor.Master of the Rolls.
Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench.
Pursuivants of Scotland and Ireland.
Officers attendant on the Knights Commanders of the Bath, wearing their Caps.
Knights Commanders of the Bath, wearing their Caps.
Officers of the Order of the Bath, wearing their Caps.
Knights Grand Crosses of the Order of the Bath wearing their Caps.
A Pursuivant of Arms.
Clerks of the Council In Ordinary.
Privy Councillors.
Register of the Order of the Garter.
Knight of the Garter, not a Peer, wearing his Cap and Feathers.
His Majesty's Vice-Chamberlain.
Comptroller of the Household.Treasurer of the Household.
A Pursuivant of Arms.
Heralds of Scotland and Ireland.
The Standard of Hanover, borne by the Earl of Mayo.
Barons, wearing their Coronets.
A Herald.
The Standard of Ireland, borne by Lord Beresford.The Standard of Scotland, borne by the Earl of Lauderdale.
Bishops wearing their Caps.
Two Heralds.
Viscounts wearing their Coronets.
Two Heralds.
The Standard of England, borne by Lord Hill.
Earls, wearing their Coronets.
 
Two Heralds.
The Union Standard, borne by Earl Harcourt.
Marquesses, wearing their Coronets.
The Lord Chamberlain of the Household, wearing his Coronet
The Lord Steward of the Household, wearing his Coronet.
The Royal Standard, borne by the Earl of Harrington.
King of Arms of the Ionian Order of St. Michael and St. George, wearing his Crown.Gloucester King of Arms, wearing his Crown.Hanover King of Arms wearing his Crown.
Dukes, wearing their Coronets.
Ulster King of Arms, wearing his Crown.
Clarenceus King of Arms, wearing his Crown.
Norroy King of Arms, wearing his Crown.
The Lord Privy Seal, wearing his Coronet. The Lord President of the Council wearing his Coronet.
Archbishop of Ireland, wearing their Caps.
Archbishop of York, wearing his Cap.
Lord High Chancellor, wearing his Coronet, and bearing his Purse.
Archbishop of Canterbury, wearing his Cap.
Four Serjeants at Arms.
The third Sword, borne by the Earl of Galloway, wearing his Coronet.Curtana, borne by the Duke of Newcastle, wearing his Coronet.The second Sword, borne by the Duke of Northumberland, wearing his Coronet.
Usher of the Green Rod. Usher of the White Rod.
The Lord Mayor of London.The Lord Lyon of Scotland wearing his Crown.Garter Principal King of Arms, wearing his Crown.Black Rod.
The Deputy Lord Great Chamberlain, wearing his Coronet.
His Royal Highness the Prince Leopold, wearing his Cap and Feathers, and his Train borne as before.
His Royal Highness the Duke of Gloucester, wearing his Coronet, and his Train borne as before.
His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, wearing his Coronet, and his Train borne as before.
His Royal Highness the Duke of Sussex, wearing his Coronet, and his Train borne as before.
His Royal Highness the Duke of Clarence, wearing his Coronet, and his Train borne as before.
His Royal Highness the Duke of York, wearing his Coronet, and his Train borne as before.
The High Constable of Ireland.The High Constable of Scotland, wearing his Coronet.
Four Serjeants at Arms.
The Deputy Earl Marshal wearing his Coronet.The sword which had been redeemed, borne naked by the Duke of Dorset, wearing his Coronet.The Lord High Constable wearing his Coronet.
The Lord High Steward wearing his Coronet.
The Sceptre with the Dove, borne by the Duke of Rutland, wearing his coronet.
THE KING
Twenty Gentlemen Pensioners, with the Standard Bearer.The Bishop of of Oxford, wearing his cap.In his robes of purple velvet, furred with ermine, and the Crown state on his head, bearing in his right hand St Edward's Sceptre, with the Cross, and in his left the Orb, with the Cross, under his canopy, supported as before, and his train borne as before.The Bishop of Lincoln wearing his cap.Twenty Gentlemen Pensioneres with the Lieutenant.
 
Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard, wearing his coronet.Gold Stick of the Life Guards in Waiting, wearing his coronetCaptain of the Band of Gentlemen Pensioners, wearing his coronet.
Lords of the Bedchamber.
The Keeper of His Majesty's Privy Purse.
Grooms of the King's Bedchamber.
Equerries and Pages of Honour.
Aides-de-Camp.
Gentlemen Ushers.
Physicians, Surgeons, Apothecaries.
Ensign of the Yeomen of the Guard.Lieutenant of the Yeomen of the Guard.
His Majesty's Pages.
His Majesty's Footmen.
Exons of the Yeomen of the Guard.Yeomen of the Guard.Exons of the Yeomen of the Guard.
Gentleman Harbinger of the Band of Gentlemen Pensioners.
Clerk of the Cheque to the Yeomen of the Guard.Clerk of the Cheque to the Gentlemen Pensioners.
Yeomen of the Guard, to close the Procession.

As the procession entered the hall, the fifes, drums, and trumpets went to their gallery, and the several other persons composing it were directed to their respective places by the officers of arms.

On entering the hall, the barons of the Cinque Ports, bearing the canopy, remained at the bottom of the steps. His majesty ascended the elevated platform, and retired in his chamber near the state.

The company at the table then sat down; and the barons of the Cinque Ports carried away the canopy as their fee.

It is mentioned above that the several orders of knighthood returned wearing their hats. This was the case until they got to the entrance of Westminster-hall. There all the knights of the Bath took off their hats, as did some of the bishops and several other individuals who took part in the procession. There were only knights of the Garter who appeared in the full dress of the order. These were his royal highness the prince Leopold and the marquess of Londonderry. The noble marquess, as attired in his robes, added very considerably to the splendour of the scene by his graceful and elegant appearance. His lordship's hat was encircled with a band of diamonds, which had a most brilliant effect. As his majesty passed up the hall he was received with loud and continued acclamations, the gentlemen waving their hats, and the ladies their handkerchiefs; his majesty seemed to feel sensibly the enthusiasm with which he was greeted, and returned the salutation with repeated bows to the assemblage on both sides. The peers took their seats at the table appointed for them, and began to partake of

 
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 Title Page
 Dedication
CHAPTER I: Site, local divisions, and government of the City of Westminster; history of the Abbey; Coronation Ceremonies; and lists of the Abbots and Deans
CHAPTER II: Westminster Abbey, and Description of the Tombs and Monuments
CHAPTER III: History and Topography of St. Margaret's Parish
CHAPTER IV: History and Topography of St. John's Parish, Westminster
CHAPTER V: History and Topography of the parish of St. Martin's in the Fields, Westminster
CHAPTER VI: History and Topogrpahy of the parish of St. James, Westminster
CHAPTER VII: History and Topography of the Parish of St. Anne, Westminster
CHAPTER VIII: History and Topography of the parish of St. Paul, Covent Garden
CHAPTER IX: History and Topography of the Parish of St. Mary-le-strand
CHAPTER X: History and Topogrpahy of the parish of St. Clement Danes
CHAPTER XI: History and Topography of the parish of st. George, Hanover Square
CHAPTER XII: History and Topography of the Precinct of the Savoy
CHAPTER XIII: History and Topography of the Inns of Court
CHAPTER XIV: History and Topography of the Precincts of the Charter-house and Ely Place, and the Liberty of the Rolls
 CHAPTER XV: Historical Notices of the Borough of Southwark
CHAPTER XVI: History and Topography of the Parish of St. Olave, Southwark
CHAPTER XVII: History and Topography of the parish of St. John, Southwark
CHAPTER XVIII: History and Topography of the parish of St. Thomas, Southwark
CHAPTER XIX: History and Topogrpahy of the parish of St. George's, Southwark
CHAPTER XX: History and Topography of St. Saviour's Parish
CHAPTER XXI: History and Topography of the parist of Christ-church in the County of Surrey
 CHAPTER XXII: A List of the Principal Books, &c that have been published in Illustration of the Antiquities, History, Topography, and other subjects treated of in this Work
 Addenda et Corrigienda
 Postscript