Londina Illustrata. Graphic and Historical Memorials of Monasteries, Churches, Chapels, Schools, Charitable Foundations, Palaces, Halls, Courts, Processions, Places of Early Amusement, and Modern Present Theatres, in the Cities and Suburbs of London and Westminster, Volume 1

Wilkinson, Robert

1819-1825

Monument of Sir Andrew Judde, Knight: In the Church of St. Helen, Bishopsgate Within.

Monument of Sir Andrew Judde, Knight: In the Church of St. Helen, Bishopsgate Within.

 

 

In the commencement of the Will of this eminent and benevolent Citizen, there appears the following passage concerning the erection of the curious and stately sepulchral memorial which is represented in the annexed Engraving.

And I will my body to be buryed in the Parishe Churche of Saincte Helene, nigh Bisshoppesgate, in London, as nigh vnto the place there whereas the bodie of Agnes, my late wife, lieth buryed, as conveniently may be. And I will that my Executours of this my last Will and testament, within convenient time after my decease, shall cause a Tombe or Monument, with a memorial of me, to be erected and set vpon my grave.

[*]  Whether the latter part of this direction were faithfully performed, is certainly very questionable. The verses inscribed upon the Monument are positively unintelligible, without some previous information of the marriages and issue of Sir Andrew Judde; and it is remarkable that his very name was perhaps originally wanting upon this sepulchral memorial: for though it now appears inscribed upon the lower part of the base, it is evident, from the description of the tomb by Edward Hatton, published in , that such a distinction did not then exist.

I find,

says he,

no name to this;

but those conversant with heraldry will guess at it from the arms above.

[*]  In consequence, therefore, of these circumstances, the ensuing description of this Monument will be better understood, if it be preceded by some notices of the family of Sir Andrew Judde.

He was the eldest son of John Judde, of Tunbridge, in the County of Kent, by Margaret, daughter and, seemingly, heiress, of Valentine Chiche, and widow of—Clovell, of Essex. She was related to the famous Henry Chichele, Archbishop of Canterbury, by her mother, Philippa, daughter of Sir Robert Chichele, Knight, his next brother.[*]  As the pedigree of Sir Andrew Judde does not appear to have been entered in the Heralds' Visitations of either Kent or London, nor in the genealogical collections relating to the same places, it probably cannot now be ascertained who were his wives and issue, so quaintly mentioned in his epitaph hereafter given. His marriage appears to have been with a Mary, by whom he had sons, of whom, John and Richard, are mentioned in his will, and daughter. His wife was named Agnes, or Annys, as it is written in the epitaph; an attempt to imitate the soft Italian pronunciation of the age, almost universally adopted in England in the century. His wife, who appears to have survived him, was another Mary, daughter and coheiress of Sir Thomas Mirfine, Knight, Sheriff of London in , and Lord Mayor in , by his wife Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Sir Angel Dom, or Doon, Knight, and Alderman of London.[*]  By this lady he had Alice, his only surviving daughter, and at length heiress, who married Thomas Smythe, of Westenhanger, in Kent, Esq. Farmer of the Customs of London under the Queens Mary and Elizabeth, and thence commonly called

Customer Smythe.

To this daughter Sir Andrew gave the Manors of Westure and Ashford, in the of Chart and Longbridge, in Kent, bought by him of Sir Anthony Aucher and Joseph Polsted, to whom the latter was granted by King Henry VIII., on the Suppression of the Religious Houses; which Manors descended to the great grandson of the above marriage, Philip Smythe, Viscount Strangford. Sir Andrew Judde was also possessor of a part of a small manor called Barden House Farm, bought of the Family of Fane or Vane, in the year of Elizabeth, -; which being vested with his other estates in his daughter Alice, was settled on her husband, Thomas Smythe, who, upon his decease, gave it to his son, Sir Thomas Smythe, of London, Knight, with whose descendants it probably still remains.[*]  Sir Andrew Judde served the office of Sheriff with John Wilford, in , the year of Henry VIII. and that of Lord Mayor in -, the of Edward VI. During his Mayoralty he entered into a bond for himself and the Corporation of London, with the King, for the sum of lent by the celebrated house of Anthony Fugger, and Co. Bankers at Antwerp; the King giving Sir Andrew a recognition to indemnify the City in the transaction.[*]  Besides his public employments, this eminent Citizen appears to have travelled to various parts of Europe, and even to Africa; and to have held the office of Mayor of the Staple.[**] 

54

 

Sir Andrew Judde is stated in his epitaph to have died in ;[*]  and according to the direction in his will already cited concerning his burial, he was interred in the Church of St. Helen, Bishopsgate Within, London, when the mural Monument represented in the annexed Engraving, was erected to his memory against a main pier at the eastern extremity of the choir, on the north side of the altar. It is of discoloured alabaster, painted and gilt, rather small in size, and of the peculiar character of the memorials so accurately described by the Rev. J. Dallaway, which, says he, in

the age of Queen Elizabeth introduced so total a deviation from the sepulchral monuments in the preceding reigns, that it may be considered as a new style.

[*]  It consists of a handsome entablature, supported by Corinthian fluted columns, between which are arched alcoves, with desks for prayer, covered with fringed cloths. Before that on the north side is the figure of Sir Andrew Judde, kneeling on a cushion and holding a book, clothed in armour, with a red gown, and broad gold collar above it: and behind him kneel the effigies of his sons mentioned in the epitaph, dressed in black gowns and coats; of whom are advanced to manhood, others being represented as children. In the south alcove are female figures, in black gowns and hoods, which may represent either of the wives of Sir Andrew, or more probably his wife and her daughter. The monument is surmounted by a handsome arched panel, containing a shield with helm and crest, and full mantling of red and white. The escutcheon is charged with the arms of Judde, quarterly, and Gules, a fesse embattled and counter-embattled between boars heads erased close, Argent: and coats Azure, lions rampant Argent; the armorial ensigns of Chichele, the family of Sir Andrew's mother.[*]  Crest, on a wreath a boar's head couped at the neck Argent, armed and crined Or. Beneath the alcoves is a rich base, divided into compartments, inscribed with the following verses; which being exhibited in the Plate in their original arrangement and orthography, the general reader will perhaps be more gratified with, by finding them here inserted in a form somewhat modernised.
To Russia and Muscovia, To Spain and Guinea without fable, Travelled he by land and sea, Both Mayor of London and the Staple. The Commonwealth he nourished So worthily in all his days, That each estate full well him loved To his perpetual praise. Three wives he had, one was Mary, Four sons, one maid, he had by her; Agnes had none by him truly, By Dame Mary he had one daughter. Thus, in the month of September, A thousand, five hundred, fiftie And eight, died this worthy stapler Worshipping his posterity.

The name of Sir Andrew Judde will ever stand pre-eminently conspicuous upon the long and honourable list of those Citizens of London, who have devoted a large portion of their wealth and possessions to the support of their less fortunate fellow-creatures, and the purposes of general benevolence; since his charities provided alike for the infirmities of destitute old age and the education of unassisted youth. The of these institutions is fully described in another article of this work; and the present account of the Founder appears to be an appropriate place for giving some notices of the latter, though it be but indirectly connected with the City of London.

The Free of Tunbridge, the native place of Sir Andrew Judde, was founded and endowed by him, under Letters Patent of Perpetuity, dated , the year of Edward VI. He erected the School-house at the north end of the town, the original building being upwards of feet in length, in front, constructed in a plain, neat and uniform, style, with the sandstone of the vicinity.[*]  For the endowment of both his foundations, he bought estates in the name of himself and Henry Fisher, who was afterwards his Executor, and confided the management of those estates as well as of his School and Almshouses to the Skinners' Company, of which he was a member. The following extract of his Will describes the property, which was all situate in London, and contains some particulars concerning the School.[*] 

Also whereas I, the said Sir Andrew Judde, have builded and erected a Free

Grammar School

at Tunbridge, in the County of Kent, to have a continuance for ever; for the maintenance and continuance whereof I give, will and bequeath, unto the Master and Wardens of the Fraternity of Corpus Christi, of the Crafte or Mistery of Skinners' of the City of London,—all that my close of pasture, with the appurtenances, called the Sandhills; set, lying, and being, on the back side of

Holborn

, in the Parish of

St. Pancras

, in the County of Middlesex,

The modern localities of the places mentioned in the above extract, may be in great part identified from the scheme of the Present Rental of the Estates of Sir Andrew Judde, delivered by Mr. Francis Gregg, Clerk of the Skinners' Company to the Commissioners appointed to enquire concerning Charities in England for the Education of the Poor, and printed in the Appendix of Evidence attached to their First Report, March 2nd, 1819, pages 234-236. The property called the Sandhills, was situate on the site of the present New Road to Paddington; and, at the time the above statement was delivered, December 4th, 1818, it is described as land on the south side of the New Road, part whereof is built on and inhabited, but not completed, let on lease to James Burton, for 99 years from Michaelmas 1807. On the north side of the same road, the Sandhills comprise the houses called Judd Place East and West, commemorative of the name of the founder, leased for a similar term from Midsummer 1791. The tenements in the Parish of Allhallows, Grace-Church Street, are the Bell, and several buildings in Bull's Head Court; the messuage in the Parish of St. Peter upon Cornhill, is at the north west corner of Pewter Platter Alley; and the tenements in St. Mary at Axe, are three houses, the cold baths, and the dissenting meeting-house, with a piece of vacant ground on the west side, and a house, stabling, and meeting-house, at present, (1833) a sugar warehouse, in Camomile Street. The old leases of these estates have terms of different length to run, from Lady Day 1833, to Michaelmas, 1906, when of course the annual value of each will be considerably increased; but even at the present time the total yearly rent of the property bequeathed by Sir Andrew Judde's Will is 4306l. 1s. 6d., whilst the amount of the ancient rents inserted in the instrument is only 60l. 3s. 4d.

being of the yearly value of

13

l.

6

s.

8

d.

: And all that messuage or tenements, with the appurtenances, set, lying, and being, in the Old

Swan Alley

in

Thames Street

, in the Parish of St. Laurence Pountney, in London, being of the yearly value of

6

l.

3

s.

4

d.

; now in the tenure or occupation of

one

Maurice, Dyer: And also all that my messuage or tenement, with the appurtenances, set, lying, and being, in the Parish of Allhallows, Grace-Church Street, of London; now in the tenure or occupation of William Judde, Skynner: And also all that my messuage or tenement, with the appurtenances, in Grace-Church Street, aforesaid, in the Parish of Allhallows, now in the tenure or occupation of Jackson, Shoemaker; which said

two

messuages or tenements aforesaid in the said Parish of Allhallows be now of the yearly value of

7

l.

: And all that my messuage or tenement in Grace Street aforesaid, now in the tenure or occupation of Thomas Smuth, Haberdasher, of the yearly value of

8

l.

: And all that my messuage or tenement, with the appurtenances, sett, and being, in the Grace-

Church Street

aforesaid, in the said Parish of Allhallows, now in the tenure or occupation of Christopher Peper, Ironmonger, of the yearly value of

53

s.

4

d.

: And all that my messuage or tenement, with the appurtenances in Grace-

Church Street

aforesaid, in the said Parish of Allhallows, now in the tenure or occupation of Thomas Peterborowe, of the yearly value of

40

s

: And all that my Messuage or tenement, with the appurtenances, in Grace-Church Street aforesaid, in the Parish of St. Peter in

Cornhill

, London, now in the tenure or occupation of Uxley, Grocer, of the yearly value of

4

l.

: And all that my new messuage or tenement, with the appurtenances, set, lying, and being, within the Close of St. Helen's, in London, now in the tenure or occupation of Hall, Widow, late wife of Thomas Hall, deceased; of the yearly rent of

40

s.

: And all those my messuage, tenements and gardens, with their appurtenances, sett, lying, and being, in the Parish of

St. Mary Axe

, of London, of the yearly value of

5

l.

:—To have and to hold, all and singular, the aforesaid messuages, tenements, and gardens, and other the premises, with the appurtenances, before willed and bequeathed unto the said Master and Wardens, and to their successors, for ever. And farthermore I give, will, and bequeath, unto the said Master and Wardens of the said Fraternity of Corpus Christi, of the Craft or Mystery of the Skinners, of the City of London aforesaid,

one

annuity or yearly rent of

10

l.

of lawful money of England, going out, and to be yearly taken out of all that my messuage or tenement, with the appurtenances, in Grace Street aforesaid, called the Bell; to have, hold, perceive, and take, the said annuity or yearly rent of

10

l.

unto the said Master and Wardens, and their successors for ever; at

four

terms of the year, yearly to be paid: that is to say, at the Feast of the Birth of our Lord God, the Annunciation of our Blessed Lady the Virgin, the Nativity of St. John the Baptist, and St. Michael the Archangel,—by even portions; and if it fortune the said annuity or yearly rent of

10

l.

to be behind or unpaid, in part or in all, by the space of

one

month next after any day or term of payment thereof, on which as before it ought to be paid, that then, and so often, it shall be lawful to and for the said Master and Wardens, and their successors, as well by themselves as by their attorney or attornies, into the said messuage or tenement called the Bell, to enter and distrain; and the distress and distresses there found, lawfully to lead, drive, bear, and carry away, and the same with them to retain and keep, until the said annuity or annual rent of

10

l.

with all the arrearages of the same, shall be unto the said Master and Wardens, their successors or assignees, fully contented, satisfied and paid. And I will that the rents, issues and profits, yearly issuing, running, and coming, of the messuages, lands, tenements, and other the premises given, willed, and bequeathed, unto the said Master and Wardens, and their successors, in manner and form before expressed, shall be by them and their successors employed and bestowed in manner and form following:—That is to say,

First

, I will that the said Master and Wardens, for the time being, shall yearly content and pay to the School-Master of my said Free

Grammar School

at Tunbridge aforesaid for the time being, for his stipend and wages,

20

l.

, at

four

terms in the year; that is to say at the Feast of St. Michael the Archangel, the Birth of our Lord God, the Annunciation of our Blessed Lady the Virgin, and the Nativity of St. John the Baptist, by even portions, or within

one

month next after any of the said feasts. Item to the Usher of the said School, for the time being,

8

l.

of lawful money of England, at the

four

terms and days of payment aforesaid, or within

one

month next after any of the said feasts, by even portions.

From 1759 the Schoolmaster's salary has been increased by an annual vote of 31l. 10s. with a gratuity of 10l. 10s. to the Usher, though, by the charter of Foundation, the stipend of each must be considered as capable of advance at the discretion of the Company. Under the will of Sir Thomas Smythe, dated April 18th, 1619, 10l. are paid to the Master and 5l. to the Usher, making the whole sum paid in salaries 85l., which the former receives entire, and includes in his annual payment to the Usher that which is due to him from the School endowment. The master has also a house and garden in the town of Tunbridge.— First Report of the Commissioners on Charities in England for the Education of the Poor. March 2nd, 1819. Page 154, 155.

Item, I will that the said Master and Wardens, for the time being, shall once in the year, for evermore, ride to visit the said school,

This visitation takes place on the Tuesday preceding Whitsunday. Ibid. page 234.

and there to see and consider whether the Schoolmaster and Usher of the said School do their duties towards the Scholars of the said School, in teaching them of virtue and learning; and whether the said scholars do of their parts use themselves virtuous and studious, and whether they observe and keep the orders and rules of my said Free-School or not. And I will that the said Master and Wardens, in their said visitations, shall take order, that if any of the rules or orders of my said Free-School shall fortune to be broken, either by the Master or Usher of the said Free-School, or by any of the scholars of the same, that the same may be forthwith reformed and amended, according to their good discretions, and as my special trust and confidence is in them. And I will that the said Master and Wardens for the time being, shall yearly have for their labour and pains therein to be taken, and for their expenses in that behalf, the sum of

40

s.

yearly.

After the decease of Sir Andrew Judde and Henry Fisher, to whom the property now described was originally conveyed, Andrew Fisher, the son of the latter, endeavoured to impeach the conveyances, and the whole affair was brought before the Parliament for examination. In the Journals of the , Elizabeth, , Monday, , appears an entry certifying to the House, that the Right Hon. Sir Walter Mildmay, Chancellor, &c. and others, to whom had been committed the examination of a deed in the name of Henry Fisher, supposed to have been forged,—

had found great untruth and impudency in the said Andrew Fisher; and that for very vehement

presumptions they thought very evil of the deed: nevertheless, upon Fisher's submission, they had been contented to withdraw out of the bill all words that touched him in infamy; and so the bill penned passed this House with an assent on both sides, as well to help Tunbridge School as others that had bought land of the said Andrew's father bona fide.

At this time the Skinners' Company expended the sum of in prosecuting these and other suits; for Fisher again endeavoured to deprive both the School and Corporation of the property, under pretence that the latter was not rightly named in the Act of Foundation, which being again brought before the upon the Company's petition, with Fisher's consent, another Act was passed, -, the of Elizabeth, confirming the former, for the better assuring of the lands and tenements belonging to the Free-School of Tunbridge.[*] 

 
 
Footnotes:

[*] Will in the Prerogative Office, Register 2 Noodes, Quire 58.

[*] New View of London. Lond. 1708. 8vo. Vol. i. p. 277. In the copy of this work with MS. Notes and remarks in the Reading-Room of the British Museum, it is added Sir Andrew Judde is now (about 1798) on the monument.

[*] History of Kent, by Edward Hasted, Vol. ii. Canterbury, 1782, fol. p. 336, notes—Stemmata Chicheleana. Oxf. 1765, 4to. p. 1. No. 1.

[*] County Genealogies: containing Pedigrees of Families in Kent, collected by William Berry. Lond. 1830. fol. p. 39.

[*] Hasted's History of Kent, Vol. iii. Canterbury, 1790. p. 258. The farm, or demesne, lands of the Manor of Esture, or Estover, were long since alienated by one of the Smythes, Viscounts Strangford; since which time they have remained with other owners than those of the Manor. Ibid. p. 259.

[*] Warrant-book of King Edward, cited by W. Maitland in his History of London, Lond. 1772, fol. Vol. i. p. 247. In the Journal of King Edward's Reign published in Burnet's History of the Reformation, (Records referred to in the Second Part) there are several entries concerning this transaction with the Foulcare at Antwerp, though the name of Judde does not occur in any of them; but on March 1st, 1550, there is the following passage, which probably relates to Sir Andrew:—Sir John York made great loss about £ 2000 weight of silver, by treason of Englishmen, which he bought for provision of the Mints. Also Judd 1500, and also Tresham 500; so the whole came to £ 4000. Sir Andrew Judde's name appears repeatedly upon the Patent-Rolls of the Reign of Edward VI. There is also in the City ordinances a relique of his year of government, called Judde's Law, which was passed October 13th, 1551, 5th Edward VI., for restraining orphans under guardianship of the corporation from throwing themselves away in marriage, and preventing other misdemeanors. Stow's Survey of London, by Strype, Edit. 1720. Vol. II. Book v. Chap. xxi. p. 322. The family of Fugger, mentioned above, originated in some extremely wealthy merchants, principally resident at Augsburg, some of whom were ennobled by the Emperor Maximilian I., and were the ancestors of the Fuggers, Counts of Swabia. They became allied to the most illustrious houses of Germany; and a very fine biographical and genealogical history of the principal members of the family, illustrated with 127 portraits, was published by Dominic Custos, an Engraver of Antwerp, under the title of Fuggerarum Imagines, in three parts, 1593, 1618, 1620, folio. A fourth part was added in 1754, called Pinacotheca. Biographie Universelle.

[**] President of the Company of Merchants of the Staple of Wool, &c. an office and incorporation known to have existed in England as early as February 15th, 1313, in the reign of Edward II. Annals of Commerce, by David Macpherson. Lond. 1805, 4to. Vol. i. p. 478.

[*] Weever, in his Funeral Monuments, Lond. 1631, fol. p. 323, most unaccountably says, This Andrew was Lord Mayor of London the yeare 1550, the fourth of King Edward the Sixthe. Dyed the yeare following, and was buried at St. Helen's aforesaid, within Bishopsgate Ward.

[*] Walpole's Anecdotes of Painting, Vol. i. Lond. 1826, 8vo. p. 328.

[*] The Arms of Judde are sometimes drawn and blazoned with a fesse raguly; and those of Chiche within a bordure Argent.

[*] Hasted's History of Kent, Vol. ii. p. 346. A considerable addition, however, was erected at the back of the master's dwelling in 1676, by the Skinner's company, together with a hall or refectory for the scholars; and there now also belong to the establishment, detached offices, a garden, and a play-ground. A small, but elegant library, was built at the united expense of the patrons of the school, and the Rev. James Cawthorn, Master from 1743 to 1761.—Ibid. note u.

[*] Copies of the principal instruments relating to the foundation and endowment of this School will be found in the Appendix to the First Report concerning Charities for the Education of the Poor, 1819, pages 240-255.

[*] Hasted's History of Kent, Vol. ii. p. 346. Notes x, y.—Stow's Survey of London by Strype, Vol. II. Book v. Chap. ix. Pages 61, 187, 188.

View all images in this book
 Title Page
 Howell's View of London
 View of the Fire of London
 City Wall
 The Conduits of Cheapside and Cornhill
 Plan of the Fire in Bishopsgate Street, Cornhill, and Leadenhall Street: November 7th, 1765
Frost Fair on the River Thames
 Part of the Strand: St. Clement's Danes
 Ancient Structure in Ship Yard: Temple Bar
 St. Paul's Cross and Cathedral: With King James I and his Court at a Sermon
 Ancient Cathedral Church of St. Paul, London
 Paul's Cross (and Preaching There)
Elsinge Spital, Sion College, and the Church of St. Alphage, London Wall
 Elsinge's Hospital; or, as it is otherwise denominated, Elsynge Spittle
 Sion College
 The Priory and Church of St. Bartholomew the Great, West Smithfield
 The Church of St. Bartholomew the Less: Giltspure Street, West Smithfield, in the Ward of Farringdon Without
Crosby Hall, Bishopsgate Street
The Priory and Church of St. Helen, Bishopsgate Street
 Monument of Sir Andrew Judde, Knight: In the Church of St. Helen, Bishopsgate Within
St. Michael's Church: Cornhill
The Parish Church of St. Paul, Shadwell: In the County of Middlesex
 The Parish Church of St. Peter upon Cornhill: In Cornhill Ward
Extracts from the Vestry Books of the Church of St. Peter upon Cornhill
 St. Saviour's Church
 St. Saviour's Church, Southwark
 Winchester Palace, Southwark
 Chapels at the Eastern End of the Church of St. Saviour, Southwark
 Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem
 An Account of Bermondsey, its Manor, Priory, and Abbey
 Priory of the Holy Trinity: In the Ward of Aldgate
 St. Martin-le-Grand College, and St. Vedast, Foster Lane
 Guildhall Chapel
 A short Account of Lazar Houses in and near London
 Knightsbridge Chapel
 Lambe's Chapel and Alms-Houses: Monkwell Street, Cripplegate
 The late Mr. Skelton's Meeting House, Erected Near the Site of the Globe Theatre, Maid Lane, Southwark
 Zoar Street, Gravel Lane, Meeting House and School
 Oratory, Under the Antient Mansion, or Inn, of the Priors of Lewes in Sussex
 Whitehall: Plate I
 Whitehall: Plate II
 Whitehall: Plate III
 St. James's Palace
 Fawkeshall, or Copped Hall, Surrey
 Toten-Hall, Tottenham Court Road
 King John's Palace
 Clarendon House, called also Albemarle House
 Somerset House
 Suffolk House
 York House
 Durham, Salisbury, and Worcester Houses
 Sir Paul Pindar's House
 Montagu House: Great Russel Street, Bloomsbury
 The British Museum
 Bedford House, Bloomsbury Square
 Peterborough House, afterward Grosvenor House, Millbank, Westminster
 Craven House, Drury Lane
 Ancient Mansion called Monteagle House: Montague Close, Southwark
 Oldbourne Hall, Shoe Lane: In the Parish of St. Andrew, Holborn