Old and New London, A Narrative of its History, its People and its Places. Illustrated with Numerous Engravings from the Most Authentic Sources. vol 2

Thornbury, Walter

1872-78

Chapter XXXVII: Bagnigge Wells.

Chapter XXXVII: Bagnigge Wells.

 

House was originally the summer residence of Nell Gwynne. Here, near the Fleet and amid fields, she entertained. Charles and his saturnine brother with concerts and merry breakfasts, in the careless Bohemian way in which the noble specimen of divine right delighted. The ground where the house stood was then called Bagnigge Vale.

Bagnigge House,

near the

Pindar of Wakefield,

became a place of entertainment for rusticating Londoners as early as . It stood on the site of the present Phoenix Brewery. The garden entrance was a little south-west of the Clerkenwell Police Court. The gate and an inscription remained in , on the left, going from Clerkenwell towards the , as late as . In the memory of man the garden still possessed fruit-trees; and at the north side stood a picturesque gable-ended house, the front luxuriously covered with vines. At the back

p.297

stood a small brewery. The

Pinder of Wakefield

was an old, public-house in the , near Chad's Well, formerly much. frequented by the wagoners of the great north road. The Pinder of Wakefield was a jolly Yorkshireman, it will be, remembered, who once thrashed Robin Hood himself.

About [extra_illustrations.2.297.1]  became famous, from the discovery in the garden of mineral springs. Dr. Bevis, who wrote a pamphlet on , describes them as near and Spa Fields, and about a quarter of a mile from Turnpike, and the great new road from Paddington to , and near a footpath which led--from and to . The doctor also mentions that over of the chimney pieces was the garter of St. George, the Royal arms, and a bust of

Eleanor Gwynne, a favourite of Charles II.'s.

Cromwell says that a black woman named Woolaston lived near of the fountains, and sold the water, and that, therefore, it was called

Black Mary's Hole.

The spring was situated, says Mr. Pinks, in the garden of No. , . Close by there used to be a low public-house called

The Fox at Bay,

a resort, about , of footpads and highwaymen.

In the poems on several occasions, by W. Woty, otherwise

John Copywell,

published in , there are some lines entitled wherein the following allusion is made to these springs:--

And stil'd the place.

Black Mary's Hole--there stands a dome superb,

Hight Bagnigge; where from our forefathers hid,

Long have two springs in dull stagnation slept;

But taught at length by subtle art to flow,

They rise, forth from oblivion's bed they rise,

And manifest their virtues to mankind.

In the for , we find the following:--

The Royal

Bagnigge Wells

, between the

Foundling Hospital

and

Islington

.-Mr. Davis, the proprietor, takes this method to inform the publick, that both the chalybeate and purging waters are in the greatest perfection ever known, and may be drank at

3d.

each person, or delivered at the pump-room at

8d.

per gallon. They are recommended by the most eminent physicians for various disorders, as specified in the handbills. Likewise in a treatise written on those waters by the late Dr. Bevis, dedicated to the Royal Society, and may be had at the bar, price

1s.

where ladies and gentlemen may depend upon having the best tea, coffee, hot loaves, &c.

The prologue to Colman's , published in , notices as a place of low: fashion :--

Ah, I loves life and all the joy it yields,

Says Madam Fupock, warm from Spittlefields,

Bon Ton's the space 'twixt Saturday and Monday,

And riding in a one-horse chair on Sunday, 'Tis drinking tea on summer's afternoons

At Bagnigge Wells, with china and gilt spoons.

In the opening lines of a satirical poem, attributed to Churchill, entitled published in , the kind of persons then resorting to the gardens are described:

Thy arbours, Bagnigge, and the gay alcove

Where the frail nymphs in amourous dalliance rove;

Where 'prenticed youths enjoy the Sunday feast,

And city matrons boast their Sabbath rest;

Where unfledged Templars first as fops parade,

And new-made ensigns sport their first cockade.

In later days,

says Mr. Pinks,

Miss Edgeworth, in

one

of her tales, alludes to this place as

one

of vulgar resort:--

The city to Bagnigge Wells repair, To swallow dust, and call it air.

We have seen an old engraving of Gardens, bearing the following inscription:--

Frontispiece--A view taken from the centre bridge in the gardens of Bagnigge Wells. Published as the Act directs.

We do not know whether the engraving appeared in a magazine or in a book giving an account of the gardens. The

centre bridge

was, we think, the crossing the Fleet. The engraving represents on the left a round, railed pond, in the middle of which is the figure of a boy clasping a swan, from the mouth of which issue jets water. Round the garden are plain-looking wooden drinking bowers or boxes; and on the right are trees with tall stems and closely-cut formal foliage at the top; and also large figures representing a pastoral-looking man with a scythe, and a pastoral-looking woman with a hay-rake in hand and a bird's nest in the other.

In the old song of are the following lines:--

Come, prithee make it up, miss, and be as lovers be,

We'll go to Bagnigge Wells, miss, and there we'll have some tea;

It's there you'll see the ladybirds perch'd on the stinging nettles,

The chrystal water fountain, and the copper shining kettles,

It's there you'll see the fishes, more curious they than whales,

And they're made of gold and silver, miss, and wags their little tails,

O!, they wags their little tails, they wags their little tails,

O! they're made of gold and silver, miss, and they wags their little tails.

O dear! O la! O dear! O la! O dear! O la! how funny!

Another engraving, published by the famous print-seller, Carrington Bowles, of , represents The scene is laid in the gardens, close by the boy and swan fountain; and

p.298

a young lady, in an elaborate old-fashioned headdress, and a gaily-trimmed petticoat and long skirt, is plucking a rose from of the flower-beds, while another damsel of corresponding elegance looks on.

A mezzotint, also published by Bowles, in , shows This plate, which is in size inches by , and represents several parties of anciently-dressed ladies and gentlemen, and a boy-waiter with a tray of cups and saucers, was hung up, framed and glazed, in the bar of Old House.

Another engraving, issued by the same publisher, shows of the lower projecting windows of

Bagnigge Wells

Tavern, with the western side-entrance to the gardens, is represented. Over the gate, on a board, are the words

Bagnigge Wells

.

Mr. Deputy Dumpling is a very short, fat man, wearing a wig, perspiring freely, and carrying a child. His wife, who is also short and fat, is walking behind him, with an open fan and his walking-stick. Beside them is a boy, dragging a perambulator of the period, in which is a girl with a doll.

In , a curious aquatinta print of , from a painting by Saunders, was published by J. R. Smith. It represents the interior of the long room, filled with a gay and numerous company, attired in the fashion of the period. Some are promenading, others are seated at tables partaking of tea. The room is lighted by brazen sconces of wax lights, hanging from the ceiling, and the organ is visible at the distant end. The artist has, after the manner of Hogarth, well depicted the humours of the motley company who are quizzing another, and being ogled in turn. The prominent feature of the sketch is a richlybedizened madam on the arm of a gallant, who is receiving a polite salute from an officer, by whom she is recognised, at which her companion seems to be somewhat chagrined.

In , boasted a central temple, a grotto stuck with sea-shells and broken glass, alcoves, &c.

 
 
Footnotes:

[extra_illustrations.2.297.1] Bagnigge House

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 Title Page
 Chapter I: Fishmonger's Hall and Fish Street Hill
 Chapter II: London Bridge
 Chapter III: Upper Thames Street
 Chapter IV: Upper Thames Street
 Chapter V: Lower Thames Street
 Chapter VI: The Tower
 Chapter VII: The Tower (continued)
 Chapter VIII: Old Jewel House
 Chapter IX: The Tower, Visitors to the Tower
 Chapter X: The Neighbourhood of the Tower
 Chapter XI: Neighbourhood of the Tower, The Mint
 Chapter XII: Neighbourhood Of The Tower
 Chapter XIII: St. Katherine's Docks
 Chapter XIV: The Tower Subway and London Docks
 Chapter XV: The Thames Tunnel
 Chapter XVI: Stepney
 Chapter XVII: Whitechapel
 Chapter XVIII: Bethnal Green
 Chapter XIX: Spitalfields
 Chapter XX: Bishopsgate
 Chapter XXI: Bishopsgate
 Chapter XXII: Cornhill
 Chapter XXIII: Leadenhall Street
 Chapter XXIV: Leadenhall Street
 Chapter XXV: Shoreditch
 Chapter XXVI: Moorfields
 Chapter XXVII: Aldersgate Street
 Chapter XXVIII: Aldersgate Street
 Chapter XXIX: Cripplegate
 Chapter XXX: Aldgate
 Chapter XXXI: Islington
 Chapter XXXII: Islington
 Chapter XXXIII: Canonbury
 Chapter XXXIV: Highbury-Upper Holloway-King's Cross
 Chapter XXXV: Pentonville
 Chapter XXXVI: Sadler's Wells
 Chapter XXXVII: Bagnigge Wells
 Chapter XXXIII: Coldbath Fields and Spa Fields
 Chapter XXXIX: Hockley-In-The-Hole
 Chapter XL: Clerkenwell
 Chapter XLI: Clerkenwell-(continued)
 Chapter XLII: Smithfield
 Chapter XLIII: Smithfield and Bartholomew Fair
 Chapter XLIV: The Churches of Bartholomeu-The-Great and Bartholomew-The-Less
 Chapter XLV: St. Bartholomew's Hospital
 Chapter XLVI: Christ's Hospital
 Chapter XLVII: The Charterhouse
 Chapter XLVIII: The Charterhouse--(continued)
 Chapter XLIX: The Fleet Prison
 Chapter L: The Fleet River and Fleet Ditch
 Chapter LI: Newgate Street
 Chapter LII: Newgate
 Chapter LII: Newgate (continued)
 Chapter LIV: The Old Bailey
 Chapter LV: St. Sepulchre's and its Neighbourhood
 Chapter LVI: The Metropolitan Meat-Market
 Chapter LVII: Farringdon Street, Holborn Viaduct, and St. Andrew's Church
 Chapter LVIII: Ely Place
 Chapter LIX: Holborn, to Chancery Lane
 Chapter LX: The Northern Tributaries of Holborn
 Chapter LXI: The Holborn Inns of Court and Chancery
 Chapter LXII: The Holborn Inns of Court and Chancery (continued)