Kenna's Kingdom: a Ramble Though Kingly Kensington

Brown, R. Weir

1881

CHAPTER VI. KENSINGTON GORE.

CHAPTER VI. KENSINGTON GORE.

 

IF we leave the Gardens, and, passing by the Albert Memorial, enter the high road near the Knightsbridge Barracks, we shall find ourselves at the eastern extremity of Kenna's Kingdom.

The parish here is narrowed into a little slip, like a triangle with the top cut off, and ladies will at once see how appropriate is the name of gore, or goar, as used by dressmakers, which derivation we much prefer to one that signifies " mud and dirt," for which the road from London to Kensington was at one time famous. The name is as old as the troubled times of wicked King John, during whose reign we find it mentioned under the outlandish appellation of Kinggesgor. We

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also find it alluded to as Kyng's Gore, and the Gara, or the Gare, which Herbert, Abbot of Westminster, gave to the nuns of Kilburn. Kensington Gore consisted of five small houses, which Leigh Hunt thought would exactly suit a supernumerary set of maids of honour, or five younger brothers of lords of the bedchamber, all bachelors, and expecting places in reversion. But two of these houses had histories of their own.

In No. 2, lived Wilkes. , blackguard and fine gentleman, scholar and demagogue, political scribbler and libertine, idol of the city and the people, and general representative of Liberty. It is strange, indeed, under what forms that goddess is venerated. Wilkes was just as much a representative of Liberty as was the frail goddess of the French Republicans. Yet for some time Wilkes and Liberty followed each other as u follows q. "A wit of the time, indeed," says Leigh Hunt, " commenced a letter with ' Sir, I take the Wilkes and Liberty to assure you.' "

Wilkes in was the editor, and, indeed, almost entire writer of a scurrilous journal, the North Briton. In the celebrated No. 45 of that journal, he censured

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the King's speech on the closing of Parliament, with a freedom unusual, though not greater than Wilkes had himself exercised in former numbers of the obnoxious publication.

In truth the libel was a dull one, and is described by Burke, as "a spiritless, though virulent perform ance,-a mere mixture of vinegar and water, at once vapid and sour."

The then Prime Minister, Charles Grenville, of whose heedlessness and incapacity England still witnesses the effects, had Wilkes arrested by a general warrant, one not specifying the names of any persons, but directed against the authors, printers, and publishers. Thus Wilkes became a martyr, and the No. 45 famous How Wilkes was released on his privilege as a member of Parliament; how he recovered damages in an action brought against the Under Secretary of State; how he was expelled the House of Commons and outlawed; how general warrants were declared illegal by the Rockingham administration which succeeded Grenville's; how Wilkes retired to France, and how he returned in , and was elected member for Middlesex; how the election was declared null and

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void; and how he was again returned, and passed over by the House of Commons, and of the storm that these proceedings raised, all this is matter of general history, and is a story that has been told and retold.

When at length he was permitted in to take his seat for Middlesex, and was in the same month installed as Lord Mayor of London, he became nobody. Never, perhaps, in England had a greater scoundrel, a greater share of public popularity and admiration. Benjamin Franklin believed that if . had had a bad private character and John Wilkes a good one, the latter might have turned the former out of the kingdom.

The same statesman tells us how when visiting the neighbourhood of Winchester, there was for a length of sixty-four miles scarcely a window or door shutter next the road unmarked with "Wilkes and Liberty," and "Number 45." Without these safeguards, indeed, the windows would probably have been smashed, and the doors broken open.

The sound of Wilkes and 45 was so much disliked in the Court that George the Fourth, when a boy,

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having been scolded for some naughtiness could think of no more deadly revenge than creeping up to the door of the King's room, shouting " Wilkes and No. 45 for ever!" and then running off again. But Wilkes' demagogue days were over when he took up his residence at Kensington Gore.

He was a very ugly man, tall and thin, with a sallow face, a squint, and an underhanging jaw. These graces of nature he set off by a suit of scarlet and buff, a rosetted cocked hat, and military boots. Ugly as he was, his impudence, audacity, and wit, made him a great favourite with the ladies. He himself would say that he wanted but a half-hour at starting to make him, the ugliest man in England, even with the handsomest.

Three doors from Wilkes' house lived, at a consider ably later period, a dandy of another sort-the handsomest man in England.

This was , but the Count can best be considered in connection with . Gore House was the last of the row-a low, unornamented, white-painted building, which stood not many yards to the east of the great entrance of the Albert Hall.

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We say stood, for, alas, it stands no more. It has gone the way of all the row, that way which befalls houses as well as human beings, though the houses can boast of greater possible longevity. We paid a visit to the site of the old house just after the building itself had been pulled down to make room for the new road that leads up to the Albert Hall.

We wished to take a farewell look at the gardenthat garden where Wilberforce sat and read under the shade of the old walnut and mulberry trees, older still now by half a century, where Louis Napoleon chatted with the , and Tom Moore admired the last amateur effort of his artistic friend " the glass of fashion and the mould of form," Count D'Orsay; and where Soycr may have looked smilingly round on gormandizing visitors appreciating his culinary triumphs. Alas! when we arrived at the scene of these departed glories we found that all access to it was barred by a horribly unpicturesque hoarding, covered with still more unpicturesque advertisements. Not feeling interested in the statement that " The Moore and Burgess Minstrels never performed out of London," or speculating as to whether the Daily

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Telegraph was better off with " the largest circulation in the world" than the Daily, News with a "worldwide" one, or even seduced by the thoughts of a trip to Brighton and back for 3s., we turned round by the Albert Hall, and looked about for some means of getting into the gardens and treading on the site of . As our time was short, and our historical minds wound up to the highest pitch, and the fence was not more than twelve feet in height, we cast a furtive glance around, and seeing no one to make remarks, tumbled somehow or other over the wall, and at once started to ramble.

The garden was in an awful mess, strewed with brick-bats and rubbish, very different to what it must have been in the time of William Wilberforce, who speaks of its thick foliage, and says he can almost imagine himself two hundred miles away from the great city. Its present state reminded us more of its first tenant, some miserly Government contractor, who was so stingy that he let the garden grow wild rather than waste a farthing over it. But to return to Wilberforce, who succeeded him. We like to think of this great man with gratitude, and speak of him after

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the manner of his monumental inscription in Westminster Abbey. We like to think of the delicate boy at the age of fourteen addressing a letter to the editor of a York paper "in condemnation of the odious traffic in human flesh," and of the old septuagenarian. true to his purpose during those sixty years, thanking God on his death-bed that he had lived to witness a day when England was willing to give twenty millions sterling for the abolition of slavery. This seems to have been the one purpose for which Wilberforc was born, and it is well for him that his memory will be handed down to posterity almost solely for his services on behalf of the slave. Other sides of his character are not so pleasing. Ardent as he was in the cause of bodily freedom, he would have forced his own doxy and creed on the world without the slightest regard for religious liberty. He imagined himself a special favourite of God, and his diary is full of pious self-congratulation. We find him speaking of walking from Hyde Park Corner to , and repeating the one hundred and seventy-six verses of the 119th Psalm, " in great comfort." What a memory he must have had!

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The next name on the roll of celebrities is that of Margaret Power, .

Philosophers and historians have not yet decided how much of the career of a human being is due to his own inherent character, and how much depends on the modifications of external circumstance. But no one can doubt that in analyzing any one's character much importance must be attached to daily surroundings. If ever woman was surrounded by evil influences, that woman was Margaret Power.

Her father was " Edmund Power, Esq., of Knockbrit, near Clonmel, in the county of Tipperary." He was a type of that evil race of last century Irish squires, a curse to their country and themselves. Of those bad men Edmund Power seems to have been the worst. His character was that of a savage who has adopted all the vices which accompany civilization, with none of its benefits. In his native country he was known as the "Buck," "Shiver the Frills," and " Beau Power," and is said to have been " a fine looking man, of an imposing appearance, showy, and of an aristocratic air, very demonstrative of frills and ruffles, much given to white cravats, leather breeches

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and top-boots." He was dissipated, reckless, and extravagant, a tyrant-at-home, a Roman Catholic, who turned Protestant and then hunted the Romanists so fiercely as to bring upon himself a charge of murder. When, at the age of seventy, he died, the only preparation for that event of which he could boast was "that he had been able to take his four or five tumblers of punch the evening before."

Such was Margaret's father.

Before she was fifteen, this father sold his daughter to a man as brutal as himself.

This man, a Captain Farmer, whom we may charitably believe to have been half a madman, used to strike his wife on the face, pinch her till her arms were black and blue, lock her up whenever he went abroad, and half starve her.

At length a separation took place. In , Farmer ended his worthless life by dropping, when drunk, from a two-pair-of-stairs window, leaving his widow, of whom, for about the space of nine years little is known, a free woman.

Her second husband was the Earl of , who, it has been said, was as foolishly mad as her first was mad mischievously.

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After the marriage, the couple lived in a " style of princely splendour" in St. James' Square. Here the social status of the Earl, the fascinations of his wife, and the excellence of the cook, drew to the house a number of men of note-politicians, authors, artists, and aristocrats. Lord was more economical after marriage than he had been before, at least, so thinks Dr. Madden, her ladyship's biographer-he only spent all his annual income and six thousand a year besides! The Countess was profusely luxurious, her husband profusely lavish.

Among his favourites was Count Alfred D'Orsay, the son of a French general, one of the old nobility of France. The Earl's favour knew no bounds; he married the Count to his daughter, by a former wife, and with his daughter went one hundred thousand pounds to the Count's creditors. It was a similar case to Lady 's first marriage, only there the lady was sold, here the gentleman was purchased. The poor pale, girlish-looking Lady Harriet was fetched from the schoolroom, to marry a spendthrift, whom, a few weeks before, she had never seen, and whom, when she did see, she did not like. The marriage was not a happy one.

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In a fit of apoplexy carried off the Earl; his widow with her stepdaughter and the Count returned to England. She took up her residence first at Seymour Place, and afterwards () at . Thither came separated from his wife. With the exception of a short stay in No. 5, the Count seems to have resided at or near until the break up of the establishment took place in . Here they gave the most recherche of parties, and became acknowledged leaders in the world of fashion and the world of literature. To came the wit and talent of the town. Here Moore, the poet, would enrapture the guests with one of his touching songs. Here, too, the night before Louis Napoleon made his rash expedition to Boulogne, he appeared at a dinner there, his black satin handkerchief "fastened by a large spread eagle in diamonds, clutching a thunderbolt of rubies," and invited the guests to dine with him at the Tuilleries on that day twelve months. That expedition ended in the prison of Ham, and on his escape thence six years later, Louis Napoleon again seized the first opportunity of entertaining a

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brilliant company at , with an account of his adventures. Rogers and Campbell were there, as well as Moore, Henry Lytton Bulwer, Walter Savage Landor, Albert Smith, Charles Dickens, and Thackeray, with a host of less known names. Ladies were scarcer, but " sometimes a wandering star, such as the beautiful Guiccioli, would (says one of the Countess's visitors) add to the interest of a scene remarkable for its decorative and artistic taste." Both Count and Countess were general favourites. He a magnificent dandy, an amateur sculptor and painter. She an authoress, a woman possessing great powers of fascination, hilarious good humour, generosity and kindness. But the whole establishment was conducted on a reckless want of principle, which almost amounted to dishonesty. An income of £2,000 a year could not possibly support an expenditure of over £4,000. In the spring of came the crash. Bill-discounters, money-lenders, jewellers, lace-v1ndors, tax-collectors, and gas company agents became urgent in their claims. For some time the house had been closed like a fortress against possible sheriffs officers and had not dared to venture out, ex

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-cept on Sundays, or in the dusk of the evening. At length the fortress was entered by stratagem.

"Bah," said the Count incredulously, when told that a sheriffs officer was in the house. On the next morning, he left with his valet and one portmanteau for Paris. Thither the Countess followed him. In their prosperity Louis Napoleon, then an exile, now President of the French Republic, had been their frequent guest; he seems now to have done little for his old friends. Lady began to furnish splendidly in Paris, but in June she died, and before long D'Orsay followed her to the grave. A sad and painful story, too sad and painful for us to wish to linger over it.

One more tenant of , and we have done. We are happy to say that it is a man who will put us into a good humour again. The world owes far more to than to . In Soyer opened as a restaurant for all nations," during the great Exhibition. Soyer might be considered as the leader of domestic economy for the people. If he could only have lived to have seen the school of cookery at South Ken

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sington! Soyer, perfect master as he was of the gastronomic art, did not consider cookery for the people beneath his notice, and many parts of his little work on this subject are as interesting as any novel. There is a mixture of Athens and fryingpans, Pythagoras and Irish stew, Napoleon and cocka-leckie, in his receipts which is really quite charming. He seems to have cared for the palates of the poor as well as those of the rich, and while his dinners at three guineas a head are said to have been almost perfect, he took much interest in the starving Irish, and declared they would never emerge from semi-barbarianism until they had learned to cook properly. We remember hearing of a French chef-de-cuisine who, in a rough estimate respecting a supper which he presented to his master, had put down fifty hams, only one of which was to appear on the table, the other forty-nine being required for sauces and garnishes. When the master remonstrated, the cook offered if the hams perturbed him to melt them down into a little glass bottle no bigger than his thumb. Soyer, on the other hand, tells us how, by judicious cookery, more than one hundred thousand tons of

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ham might be saved annually. Soyer was certainly the prince of cooks!

Afterwards was turned into a Cabinet Exhibition, and has now shared the fate of all old houses, and vanished off the face of the earth. We are glad to hear that the trees are, as far as possible, to remain undisturbed ; and we would ask our readers the next time they visit the Albert Hall, just to give a glance towards the spot where the old house stood. The memories it suggests if somewhat sad will probably do us good; and, at all events, we hope may help to pass an otherwise idle ten minutes.