Opposite , on the northern shore of the Thames, is , built , containing cells. Its low towers with French conical roofs have given it the name of the

English Bastile.

Between Milbank Penitentiary and , adjoining a space where it is intended that a Roman Catholic Cathedral should day arise , the residence of the venerable ecclesiastic who is styled

Henry Edward, Cardinal Priest of the Holy Roman Church, by the title of St. Andrew and St. Gregory on the Coelian Hill, by the grace of God and the favour of the Apostolic See, Archbishop of

Westminster

.

Ascending the we come to , which, in the last century, from a country village, has become almost a part of London. As regards the etymology of its name, formerly written Chelchyth, the opinion of Norden is generally followed, who says

that Chelsey was so called of the nature of the place, whose strand is like the

chesel

, which the sea casteth up of sand and pebble stones.

We reach the grounds of , which was built on the site of

Chelsea

College,

Controversy College,

to the intent that learned men might there have maintenance to answer all the adversaries of religion.

Toby Rustate, page of the back-stairs, a very simple, ignorant, but honest and loyal creature.

In subsidium et levamen emeritorum senio belloque fractorum, condidit Carolus Secundus, auxit Jacobus Secundus, perfecere Gulielmus et Maria Rex et Regina, MDCXCII.

Within this cloister are monuments to Colonel Arthur Wellesley Torrens, mortally wounded at Inkerman, ; to Colonel Seton and his companions, lost in the wreck of the off the , ; and to Colonel Willoughby Moore and the men lost in the burning of the , .

In the of the Hospital each pensioner has his own little oak chamber (where he may have his own pictures, books, &c.), with a door and window opening upon the great common passage. There are nurses to every ward. The pensioners have their meals (breakfast, dinner, and tea) in their own little rooms. They are permitted to go where they like, and may be absent for months with leave, receiving an allowance of a day, if absent for more than days.

The (now used by the pensioners as a club-room, with tables for chess, cards, books, newspapers, &c.) is hung with tattered colours taken by the British army. On the end wall is a vast picture by and , given by the Earl of Ranelagh, with an equestrian figure of Charles II. in the centre. It was the figure of the orange-girl in the corner of this picture which gave rise to the now exploded tradition that the foundation of the Hospital was instigated by Nell Gwynne. On the panels round the room the victories of Great are recorded. It was in this hall that the great Duke of Wellington lay in state, -, . The French Eagle of

the

Invincibles,

The has a picturesqueness of its own, from the mass of banners in every stage of decay, often only a few threads remaining, which wave from the coved roof, and fill the space at once with gloom and colour. They are chiefly relics of Indian wars: those taken from Tippoo Saib by the battalion are on either side the altar. Many of the French banners have their eagles. The painting of the apse, representing the Resurrection, is by . In the chapel is the grave of William Cheselden, the famous surgeon and anatomist (), celebrated in the lines of Pope-

To keep these limbs, and to preserve these eyes,

I'll do what Mead and Cheselden advise.

I wondered a little at your quaere, who Cheselden was. It shows that the truest merit does not travel so far anyway as on the wings of poetry. He is the most noted and most deserving man in the whole profession of chirurgery: and has saved the lives of thousands by his manner of cutting for the stone.-Letter from Pope to Swift.

Here also is buried the Rev. William Young (), author of a Latin dictionary, but more interesting as the original of

Parson Adams

Strangers are admitted to the Sunday services here at I and ., when the chapel, filled by the veteran soldiers (many of whom have a historic interest, faintly shown by the medals on their breasts), is an interesting and touching sight. There are about pensioners in the

The (open to the public from A.M. to sunset) somewhat resemble those of the old French palaces. A pleasant avenue leads to the wide open space towards the river, in the centre of which an obelisk was erected in in memory of the officers and privates who fell at Chilianwallah. Hence the great red front of the Hospital, black under its overhanging eaves and high slated roof, with a narrow dome-capped portico in the centre, rises, rich in colour, beyond the green slopes. The eastern side of the gardens was once the famous , which was opened, , as a rival to , and rose to great popularity under the patronage of Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire. , Walpole writes,

Ranelagh has totally beat

Vauxhall

. Nobody goes anywhere else-everybody goes there.

like the enchanted palace of a genii,

The proprietors of Ranelagh and Vauxhall used to send decoy-ducks among the ladies and gentlemen who were walking in the Mall, that is, persons attired in the height of fashion, who every now and then would exclaim in a very audible tone, What charming weather for Ranelagh or for Vauxhall! Ranelagh was a very pleasing place of amusement. There persons of inferior rank mingled with the highest nobility of Britain. All was so orderly and still that you could hear the whishing sound of the ladies' trains, as the immense assembly walked round and round the room. If you chose, you might have tea, which was served up in the neatest equipage possible. The price of admission was half-a-crown. People generally went to Ranelagh between nine and ten o'clock.-Rogers's Table Talk.

Another great resort near this was the

Old

Chelsea

Bun House,

The facing the river is the oldest garden of the kind in existence in England, Gerard's garden in and Tradescant's garden at having perished. It was leased to the Apothecaries' Company, who still possess it, by Lord Cheyne in , and was finally made over to them by Sir Hans Sloane in . Evelyn used to walk in

the Apothecaries' garden of simples at

Chelsea

,

besides many rare annuals, the tree bearing jesuit's bark, which has done such wonders in quartan agues.

Fronting the river is the pretty water-side terrace called (from the Cheynes, once lords of the manor). Though much altered since the river has been thrust back by , this, more than any place outside , recalls, in the brick houses and rows of trees like those in the Dutch towns, the time of William and Mary. The lower part of the terrace has a row of somewhat stately houses, bow-windowed, balconied, and

come without suspect,

I pray you let me have knowledge over-night at what hour ye will come, that your portress may wait at the gate to the fields for you.

Anna, the daughter of Cleves,

The Bishops of Winchester had a house in , after the ruin of their palace in , and they resided there from to . In also were the Coffee House and Museum of Salter who had been Sir Hans Sloane's valet-

Don Saltero

a little and very neat old man, with a placid countenance.

Beyond the church was an ancient manor-house with a gateway and large gardens to the river, known in its later existence as

Beaufort House.

Ex rure,

1532

,

There he converses with his wife, his son, his daughter-in-law, his

three

daughters

Margaret Roper, Elizabeth Dauncy, and Cecilia Heron.

and their husbands, with

eleven

grandchildren. There is no man living so affectionate to his children as he, and he loveth his old wife as well as if she were a young maid. Such is the excellence of his temper, that whatsoever happeneth that cannot be helped, he loveth it as if nothing could have happened more happily. You would say there was in that place Plato's academy; but I do his house an injury in comparing it to Plato's academy, where there were only disputations of numbers and geometrical figures, and sometimes of moral virtues. I should rather call his house a school or university of Christian Religion; for though there is none therein but readeth or studieth the liberal sciences, their special care is piety and virtue: there is no quarrelling or intemperate words heard; none seem idle; that worthy gentleman doth not govern with proud and lofty words, but with well-timed and courteous benevolence; everybody performeth his duty, yet there is always alacrity; neither is sober mirth anything wanting.

Here Linacre and Colet were frequent guests. The of Ellis Heywood, dedicated to Cardinal Pole, , gives a dissertation, on the sources of happiness, supposed to have been held by learned men in the garden here.

The place was wonderfully charming, both from the advantages of its site--for from

one

part almost the whole of the noble city of London was visible, and from another, the beautiful Thames, with the green meadows and wooded heights surrounding it-and also for its own beauty, for it was crowned with an almost perpetual verdure, it had flowering shrubs, and the branches of fruit-trees, so beautifully interwoven, that it was as if Nature herself had woven a living tapestry.

It was here that, when a beggar-woman who had lost her little dog came to complain that it was in the keeping of

because she was the worthier person, caused her to stand at the upper end of the hall, and the beggar at the lower end, and saying that he sat there to do every

one

justice, he bade each of them call the dog; which when they did, the dog went presently to the beggar, forsaking my lady. When he saw this he bade my lady be contented, for it was none of hers,

which would well have bought

three

dogs.

And for the pleasure he (Henry VIII.) took in his (More's) company would his grace sometimes come home to his house in Chelsea to be merry with him, whither, on a time unlooked for, he came to dinner, and after dinner, in a fair garden of his, walked with him by the space of an hour, holding his arm about his neck.-Roper's Life of More.

The terrace of the garden towards the river was the scene of More's adventure with the madman.

It happened one time, that a Tom of Bedlam came up to him, and had a mind to have thrown him from the battlements, saying, Leap, Tom, leap. The chancellor was in his gowne, and besides ancient, and not able to struggle with such a strong fellow. My Lord had a little dog with him. Sayd he, Let us first throwe the dog down, and see what sport that will be; so the dog was throwne over. This is very fine sport, sayd my Lord, fetch him up, and try once more; while the madman was goeing downe, my Lord fastened the dore, and called for help, but ever after kept the dore shutt.Aubrey's Lives.

Hard by, in , Sir Thomas hired a house for many aged people, whom he daily relieved, and it was his daughter Margaret Roper's charge to see that they wanted for nothing.[n.434.1] 

After the attainder of Sir Thomas More, his house at was granted by Henry VIII. to Sir William Paulet, afterwards Marquis of Winchester. On the death of his widow in it passed to her daughter by Sir R. Sackville, Anne, Lady Dacre. She bequeathed it to the great Lord Burleigh, whose son Robert rebuilt or altered it and eventually sold it to the Earl of Lincoln, whose daughter married Sir Arthur Gorges. He conveyed the house to Cranfield, Earl of Middlesex, who sold it in to Charles I. This king granted it to George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham. During the Commonwealth it was inhabited by John Lisle, the regicide, and Sir Bulstrode Whitelock, the historian. It was sold to pay the debts of the Duke of Buckingham, and passed into the hands of Digby, Earl of Bristol. His widow sold it to Henry, Duke of Beaufort, who came to inhabit it in , when he left in the Strand, and died in , and from his descendants it was purchased by Sir Hans Sloane, who pulled it down in .

(St. Luke) bears evidence of the various dates at which it has been built and altered from the to the centuries. The brick tower is of -. At the south-east angle of the churchyard is the quaint tomb of Sir Hans Sloane (), the great physician, who attended Queen Anne upon her deathbed, and was created a baronet by George I., being the

Sarah Stanley and Eliza Cadogan,

the physician of the poor

The interior of Church retains more of an old-world look than any other in London. It has never been

restored,

God's body, my Lord Chancellor, what a parish clerk!-you dishonour the king and his office,

Nay your grace may not think I dishonour my prince in serving his God and mine.

had carried that dignity with great temper and lost it with great joy,

his lordship is gone,

May it please your ladyship, my

lordship is gone,

Tilly valley, what will you do, Mr. More, will you sit and make goslings in the ashes? it is better to rule than to be ruled.

It was here also that, on the morning of his trial at , Sir Thomas More was confessed and received the sacrament, and

whereas ever at other times, before he parted from his wife and children, they used to bring him to his boat, and he there, kissing them, bade them farewell; he at this time suffered none of them to follow him forth of his gate, but pulled the wicket after him, and with a heavy heart, as by his countenance appeared, he took boat with his son Roper and their men.

At the west end of the church hang the tattered remains of the banners given by Queen Charlotte to her own regiment of volunteers, ,

at the time when the country was threatened by an inveterate enemy,

deposited here by them as a memorial of her most gracious favour to the inhabitants of the parish for their zeal, loyalty, and patriotism.

The Honourable William Ashburnham, Esquire, cofferer to his Majestie's Household,

1679

,

At the entrance of the south aisle are a curious lectern and bookcase, containing the Bible, the Homilies, and Foxe's Book of Martyrs, huge volumes heavily bound in leather with massive clasps, chained to the desk, where they may be read.

Emanuel College

that generous and wealthy gentleman, Arthur Gorges,

Here sleepes and feeles no pressure of the stone,

He, that had all the Gorges soules in one.

Here the ingenious valiant Arthur lies

To be bewail'd by marble and our eyes

By most beloved, but Love cannot retrieve

Dead friends, has power to kill not make alive.

Let him rest free from envy, as from paine,

When all the Gorges rise heele rise againe

This last retiring rome his own dothe call;

Who after death has that and Heaven has all.

Live Arthur by the spirit of thy fame,

Chelsey itself must dy before thy name.

The east end of the south aisle is the chapel built by Sir Thomas More in .[n.438.1]  It contains the monument (florid but excellent the period) of , , son of William, Earl of Derby. In front is his characteristic bust, and at the sides are busts of his children Ferdinando and Henrietta Maria; the little girl wears a necklace with the Eagle and Child, the badge of the Stanleys.

To say a Stanley lies here, that alone

Were epitaph enough; noe brass, noe stone,

Noe glorious tombe, noe monumental hearse,

Noe guilded trophy, or lamp labour'd verse

Can dignifie this grave or sett it forth

Like the immortal fame of his owne worth.

Then Reader, fixe not here, but quitt this room

And fly to Abram's bossome, there's his tombe;

There rests his soule, and for his other parts,

They are imbalm'd and lodg'd in good men's harts.

A brauer monument of stone or lyme,

Noe art can rayse, for this shall outlast tyme.

Close by, battered and worn, and robbed of half its decorations, is the deeply interesting tomb of the unhappy Jane Dudley, Duchess of Northumberland (), mother-in-law of Lady Jane Grey. After the brief reign of Lady Jane was over, the Duchess saw her husband and her son Lord Guildford Dudley beheaded on , her son John die in the Tower, and the confiscation of all her property: but she survived these calamities, and, having borne all her trials quietly with great wisdom and prudence, she lived to see the restoration of her house. Her son Ambrose was reinstated in the Earldom of Warwick, and her son Robert, the favourite of Queen Elizabeth, was created Earl of Leicester. Her will is extant and curious.

My will is earnestly and effectually, that little solemnitie be made for me, for I had ever have a

thousand

-foldes my debts to be paid, and the poor to be given unto, than any pomp to be showed upon my. wretched carkes: therefore to the worms will I go, as I have before written in all points, as you will answer yt before God. And if you breke any

one

jot of it, your wills hereafter may chance to be as well broken. After I am departed from this world, let me be wonde up in a sheet, and put into a coffin of woode, and so layde in the ground with such funerals as parteyneth to the burial of a corse. I will at my years mynde have such divyne service as myne executors think fit; nor, in no wise to let me be opened after I am dead. I have not lived to be very bold afore women, much more wolde I be lothe to come into the hands of any lyving man, be he physician or surgeon.

The Duchess bequeathed. to the Duchess of Alva, lady in waiting to Queen Mary, her green parrot, having nothing else worthy of her.

The directions of the Duchess as to the simplicity of her funeral were utterly disregarded by her family, for with heralds and torches she was borne with the utmost magnificence through , her waxen effigy being exposed upon her coffin, as at the royal funerals at . In the recess of the tomb are the arms of the Duchess encircled by

Here lyeth ye right noble and excellent prynces Lady Jane Guyldeford, late Duches of Northumberland, daughter and sole heyre unto ye right honorable Sr Edward Guyldeford, Knight, Lord Wardeyn of ye fyve portes, ye which Sr Edward was sonne to ye right honorable Sr Richard Guyldeford, sometimes knight and companion of ye most noble order of ye garter; and the said Duches was wyfe to the right high and mighty prince John Dudley, late Duke of Northumberland, by whom she had yssew

13

children, that is to wete

8

sonnes and

5

daughters; and after she had lived yeres

46

, she departed this transitory world at her manor of Chelse ye

22

daye of January in ye

second

yere of ye reigne of our sovereyne Lady Quene Mary the

first

, and in Ano.

1555

: on whose soule Jesu have mercy.

The altar-tomb which stood beneath the canopy is destroyed, and a little tablet which was affixed to it is let into the wall above; it commemorates a time , wife of the Earl of Huntingdon, and daughter of John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, .

Entering the chancel we come to the tomb which Sir Thomas More erected in his lifetime () to his own memory and that of his wives. Hither he removed the remains of his wife, Joan, the mother of his children, the wife whom he married,

though his affection most served him to her

second

sister,

it would be a grief and some blemish to the eldest to have

her younger sister preferred before her.

nec bella, nec puella

The monument was restored in the reign of Charles I. (by Sir Thomas Lawrence of ), and again in . On both occasions the words

hereticisque

Thomas More, of the city of London, was of an honourable, though not a noble family, and possessed considerable literary attainments. After having, as a young man, practised for some years at the bar, and served as sheriff for his native city, he was summoned to the palace and made a member of the Privy Council by the invincible king Henry VIII. (who received the distinction unattained by any other sovereign, of being justly called Defender of the Faith, which he had supported both with his sword and pen). He was then made a knight and vice-treasurer, and through excessive royal favour was created chancellor, first of the Duchy of Lancaster, and afterwards of England. In the mean time, he had been returned to serve in Parliament, and was besides frequently appointed ambassador by his Majesty. The last time he filled this high office was at Cambray, where he had for a colleague, as chief of legation, Tunstall, Bishop of London, soon afterwards of Durham, a man scarcely excelled by any of his contemporaries in learning, prudence, and moral worth; at this place he was present at the assembly of the most powerful monarchs of Christendom, and beheld with pleasure the renewal of ancient treaties, and the restoration of a long-wished--for peace to the world. Grant, O ye Gods, that this peace may be eternal!

In this round of duties and honours he acquired the esteem of the best of princes, the nobility and people, and was dreaded only by thieves and murderers (and heretics).Fuller says that More had a tree in his garden at Chelsea which he called the tree of truth, and that he.used to bind heretics to it to be scourged. At length his father, Sir John More, was nominated by the king a member of the Privy Council. He was of a mild, harmless, gentle, merciful, and just disposition, and was in excellent health, though an old man. When he had seen his son Chancellor of England, he felt that his life had been sufficiently prolonged, and passed gladly from earth to heaven.

At his death, the son, who in his father's lifetime was esteemed a young man both by himself and others, deeply lamenting his father's loss, and seeing four children and eleven grandchildren around him, began to feel the pressure of years. Shortly afterwards this feeling was increased by a pulmonary affection, which he regarded as the sure forerunner of old age. Therefore, wearied of worldly enjoyments, he obtained permission from the best of princes to resign his dignities, that he might spend the closing years of his life free from care, which he had always desired, and that, withdrawing his mind from the occupations of this world, he might devote himself to the contemplation of immortality. As a constant reminder of the inevitable approach of death, he has prepared this vault, whither he has removed the remains of his first wife. Good Reader, I beseech thee, that thy pious prayers may attend me while living, and follow me when dead, that I may not have done this in vain, nor dread with trembling the approach of death, but willingly undergo it for Christ's sake, and that death to me may not be really death, but rather the door of a more blessed life.

Beneath are the lines-

Chara Thoma jacet hic Joanna uxorula Mori, Qui tumulum Aliciae hunc destiny, quique mini. Una mihi dedit hoc conjuncta virentibus annis, Me vocet ut puer et trina puella patrem. Altera privignis (quae gloria rara Novercae est) Tam pia, quam gratis, vox fuit ulla suis. Altera sic mecum vixit, sic altera vivit, Charior incertum est, quae sit an illa fuit. O simul, O juncti poteramus vivere nos tres, Quam bene, si fatum religioque sinant. At societ tumulus, societ nos, obsecro, ccelum! Sic mors, non potuit quod dare vita, dabit.

A tablet on the wall above commemorates , , daughter of Sir Theodore Mayerne, the famous physician, and wife of Peter de Caumont, Marquis

Opposite the More monument is an altar-tomb of the family, who held the manor in the reign of Henry VII., which formerly bore the inscription-

Pray for the soul of Edmund Bray, knight, Lord Bray, cosin and heire to Sir Reginald Bray, Knight of the Garter.

Hillyers and Burtons,

A sort of triumphal arch, forming the entrance to the north aisle, is the tomb of , Sheriff of London, , of an ancient family who resided in the precincts of Palace.

The east end of the north aisle is the chapel of the Lawrence family, from whom , , takes its name. The most conspicuous monument is that of , , with her half figure rising from the tomb in her winding-sheet; but far more worth notice is the small tomb of her father, , , with a beautifully finished little family group kneeling on cushions, the dead babies lying beside them.

Against the north wall, in a kind of marble cave, on a black sarcophagus, reclines the figure of , , eldest daughter of William Cavendish, Duke of

whom she never grieved but in her death.

Four hundred years of memory are crowded into this dark old church, and the flood of change beats round the walls, and shakes the door in vain, but never enters. The dead stand thick together there, as if to make a brave resistance to the moving world outside, which jars upon their slumber. It is a church of the dead. I cannot fancy anyone being married in that church-its air would chill the boldest bride that ever walked to the altar. No; it is a place for old people to creep into and pray, until their prayers are answered, and they sleep with the rest.-H. Kingsley.

Amongst those who are buried here without monuments are , widow of the Bishop of London, and mother of the dramatic poet; , mother of Lord Herbert of Cherbury and George Herbert the poet,

who gave rare testimonies of an incomparable piety to God, and love to her children,

Against the south wall of the church on the exterior is the monument of (), author of the

Angliae Notitia.

he

was so studious of good to all men, and especially to posterity, that he ordered some of his books, covered with wax, to be buried with him, which may be of use in time to come.

having long declined marriage, and aspiring to great achievements, unusual to her age and sex, she, on the

30th of June, 1690

, on board a fire-ship, in man's clothing--as a

second

Pallas, chaste and fearless-fought valiantly for

six

hours against the French, under the command of her brother.

(facing the river) was built by Sir Christopher Wren in for Robert, Earl of Lindsey, Lord Great Chamberlain, on the site of the house of Sir Theodore Mayerne (. ), who was physician to Henri IV. and Louis XIII. of France, and afterwards to James I. and Charles I. of England. Lord Lindsey had previously inhabited Lindsey House in . His descendant, the Duke of Ancaster, sold the house in to Count Zinzendorf, who lived there, while presiding over the Moravian community which he had established in . The next house was at time inhabited by John Martin, by whom there are remains of a fresco on the garden wall.

Zinzendorf bought some of the land belonging to Beaufort House for a burial-ground. In (No. ) is the entrance of a green enclosure, containing his Chapel, a brick building with broad overhanging eaves, occupying the site of Sir Thomas More's stables: it is still the property of the Moravians. Against the outer wall is a monument to

Christopher Renatus, Count of Zinzendorf and Pollendorff, born

Dec. 19, 1727

, departed

May 28

,

1732

,

In No. , a humble -storied brick house facing the river and boats, the great painter J. M. W. Turner spent his latter days, shutting up his house in , that he might give himself up to the enjoyment of the soft effects upon the still reaches of the Thames. He lived here as Mr. Booth, but the boys gave him the name of

Admiral Booth

Puggy Booth.

References!

these, Ma'am, are my references,

Well, Sir, but what is your name?

Name, Ma'am, may I ask what is

your

name, Ma'am?

Oh I am Mrs. Booth.

Well then, Ma'am, I am

Mr. Booth

.

The old-fashioned terrace of will always be interesting as having been the abode of the venerable historian, essayist, and philosopher, Thomas Carlyle. His house and its pictures have been well described in , with his library,

perhaps the smallest, saving mere books of reference, that ever belonged to a great man of letters--explained by his magnificent memory.

Near the end of , , was the famous

Half a mile beyond were Cremorne Gardens, long a place of public amusement, formerly belonging to Cremorne House.

The name of Peter's Eye or Island still lingers in that of on the opposite side of the river, which was part of the ancient patrimony of Abbey at . It was formerly famous for its asparagus beds.

Crossing .) and turning to the right, we reach the ), rebuilt at the end of the last century and very ugly. It is, however, worth while to enter it and ascend to the northern gallery, to visit a monument by to Henry St. John, Lord Bolingbroke, adored by Pope-whom he attended on his deathbed, and who considered him the writer, as well as the greatest man, of his age; hated by Walpole as a political rival; lauded by Swift and Smollett; despised as

a scoundrel and a coward

Ah, Harry, I ever said you would be hanged; but now I find you will be

beheaded.

Here lies Henry St. John, in the reign of Queen Anne, Secretary of War, Secretary of State, and Viscount Bolingbroke; in the days of George I. and George II. something more and better. His attachment to Queen Anne exposed him to a long and severe persecution; he bore it with firmness of mind. He passed the latter part of his life at home, the enemy of no national party, the friend of no faction; distinguished (under the cloud of proscription which had not been entirely taken off) by zeal to maintain the liberty, and to restore the ancient prosperity of Great

Britain

.

Mary Clara des Champs de Maurily, Viscountess Bolingbroke, is commemorated on the same monument, and there are many other St. John tombs in the church. In the south gallery is the monument of , -, with a relief portraying the principal feats of this hero, which are thus recorded in his long epitaph-

Alone, unarm'd, a tyger he opprest,

And crush'd to death ye monster of a beast;

Twice twenty mounted Moors he overthrew,

Singly on foot, some wounded, some he slew,

Dispers'd ye rest.-What more could Samson doe?

The repaired east window is especially interesting as having been given by Sir Thomas Boleyn, father of Queen Anne.[n.449.1]  It contains the portraits of Margaret Beaufort, mother of Henry VII., Henry VIII., and Elizabeth. In the crypt beneath the church the coffin of Bolingbroke and others of its illustrious dead were shown till lately. They are now () put under ground. From the churchyard, girt on sides by the lapping river, we may admire the picturesque , sometimes called

A mill and miller's house near the river (reached by the gateway from the church in the direction of the bridge) contain all that remains of the old manor-house where Bolingbroke died.

, formed in -, faces . It is pretty in summer, and its sub-tropical garden, of acres, is beautiful. bridges, and , connect it with the opposite shore. It was in Battersea Fields that the Duke of Wellington fought a duel with the Earl of Winchilsea in .

Maitland [n.450.1]  considers that this is the place where the Britons, after being defeated by Claudius, were compelled to ford the river, and were followed by the Emperor, who completely routed them. He also thinks that Julius Caesar effected the passage of the Thames at this spot.

[n.427.1] See the Life of Edward Young, included in Johnson's Lives of the Poets.

[n.430.1] Letters of Kateryn the Quene.

[n.431.1] The beautiful Duchess of Mazarin died 1699 in a house which belonged to Lord Cheyne in Cheyne Walk.

[n.434.1] Cresacre's Life of More.

[n.435.1] Burnet.

[n.438.1] It continued to belong to Beaufort House.

[n.440.1] This precious relic is disgracefully ill-cared for.

[n.441.1] Cresacre More's Life of Sir T. More.

[n.442.1] See Doyne C. Bell's Notices of Historic Persons buried in St. Peter ad Vincula.

[n.444.1] Weaver's Funeral Monuments.

[n.445.1] See the account of her in the chapter on Westminster Abbey.

[n.445.2] See Walton's Lives.

[n.449.1] His great-granddaughter Anne Leighton married Sir John St. John of Battersea.

[n.450.1] History of London.