OF , a street on the north side of the , Stow says:

The Street of Lothberie, Lathberie, or Loadberie (for by all those names.have I read it), took the name as it seemeth of

berie

, or

court

, of old time there kept, but by whom is grown out of memory. This street is possessed for the most part by founders that cast candlesticks, chafing dishes, spice mortars, and such-like copper or laton works, and do afterwards turn them with the foot and not with the wheel, to make them smooth and bright with turning and scratching (as some do term it), making a loathsome noise to the by-passers that have not been used to the like, and therefore by them disdainfully called Lothberie.

[extra_illustrations.1.513.3]  says Hutton (Queen Anne),

was in Stow's time much inhabited by founders, but now by merchants and warehouse-keepers, though it is not without such-like trades as he mentions.

Ben Jonson brings in an allusion to once noisy in the In this play Sir Epicure Mammon says:--

Mammon.This night I'll change All that is metal in my house to gold; And early in the morning will I send To all the plumbers and the pewterers, And buy their tin and lead up; and to Lothbury For all the copper.

Surly. What, and turn that too?

Mammon. Yes, and I'll purchase Devonshire and Cornwall, And make them perfect Indies.

And again in his mask of -

Bless the sovereign and his seeing.

From a fiddle out of tune,

As the cuckoo is in June,

From the candlesticks of Lothbury

And the loud pure wives of Banbury.

Stow says of , :

I find it called the Chappel of

St. Margaret's

de Lothberie, in the reign of Edward II., when in the

15th

of that king's reign, license was granted to found a chauntry there. There be monuments in this church of Reginald Coleman, son to Robert Coleman, buried there

1383

. This said Robert Coleman may be supposed the

first

builder or owner of

Coleman Street

; and that

St. Stephen's Church

, there builded in

Coleman Street

, was but a chappel belonging to the parish church of St. Olave, in the Jewry.

This church, which is a rectory, seated over the ancient course of , on the north side of , in the Ward of (says Maitland), owes its name to its being dedicated to St. Margaret, a virgin saint of Antioch, who suffered in the reign of Decius.

Maitland also gives the following epitaph on Sir John Leigh, :--

No wealth, no praise, no bright renowne, no skill,

No force, no fame, no prince's love, no toyle,

Though forraine lands by travel search you will,

No faithful service of thy country soile,

Can life prolong one minute of an houre;

But Death at length will execute his power.

For Sir John Leigh, to sundry countries knowne,

A worthy knight, well of his prince esteemed,

By seeing much to great experience growne,

Though safe on seas, though sure on land he seemed,

Yet here he lyes, too soone by Death opprest;

His fame yet lives, his soule in Heaven hath rest.

[extra_illustrations.1.514.1]  (attributed to Grinling Gibbons) is sculptured wfth representations of Adam and Eve in Paradise, the return of the dove to the ark, Christ baptised by St. John, and Philip baptising the eunuch.

In the reign of Henry VIII. a conduit (of which no trace now exists) was erected in . It was supplied with water from the spring of Dame Anne's, the mentioned by Ben Jonson in his

, leading out of , derived its name from an old house which was once the office for the delivery of farthing pocketpieces, or tokens, issued for several centuries by many London tradesmen. Copper coinage, with very few exceptions, was unauthorised in England till . Edward VI. coined silver farthings, but Queen Elizabeth conceived a great prejudice to copper coins, from the spurious

black money,

the pledge of a halfpenny,

Nummorum famulus.

All the farthings of the following reign of Anne are trial pieces, since that of

1712

, her last year. They are of most exquisite workmanship, exceeding most copper coins of ancient or modern times, and will do honour to the engraver, Mr. Croker, to the end of time. The

one

whose reverse is Peace in a car,

Pax missa per orbem

,

Scenes in London Streets during Plague

is the most esteemed; and next to it the Britannia under a portal; the other farthings are not so valuable.

was built in the reign of Charles I., on the site of a house and garden of the Earl of Arundel (removed to ), by Sir William Petty, an early writer on political economy, and a lineal ancestor of the present Marquis of Lansdowne. This extraordinary genius, the son of a Hampshire clothier, was of the earliest members of the Royal Society. He studied anatomy with Hobbes in Paris, wrote numerous philosophical works, suggested improvements for the navy, and, in fact, explored almost every path of science. Aubrey says that, being challenged by Sir Hierom Sankey, of Cromwell's knights, Petty being short-sighted, chose for place a dark cellar, and for weapons a big carpenter's axe. Petty's house was destroyed in the Fire of London. John Grant, says Peter Cunningham, also had property in . It was for Grant that Petty is said to have compiled the bills of mortality which bear his name.

[extra_illustrations.1.515.2] , who, however, was only years old when the Plague broke out, has laid of the most terrible scenes in his

In my walks,

I had many dismal scenes before my eyes, as particularly of persons falling dead in the streets, terrible shrieks and screeching of women, who in their agonies would throw open their chamber windows, and cry out in a dismal surprising manner. Passing through

Tokenhouse Yard

, in

Lothbury

, of a sudden a casement violently opened just over my head, and a woman gave

three

frightful screeches, and then cried,

Oh! death, death, death!

in a most inimitable tone, which struck me with horror, and a chilliness in my very blood. There was nobody to be seen in the whole street, neither did any other window open, for people had no curiosity now in any case, nor could anybody help

one

another. Just in

Bell Alley

, on the right hand of the passage, there was a more terrible cry than that, though it was not so directed out at the window; but the whole family was in a terrible fright, and I could hear women and children run screaming about the rooms like distracted; when a garret window opened, and somebody from a window on the other side the alley called and asked,

What is the matter?

upon which, from the

first

window it was answered,

Ay, ay, quite dead and cold!

This person was a merchant, and a deputy-alderman, and very rich. But this is but

one

. It is scarce credible what dreadful cases happened in particular families every day. People in the rage of the distemper, or in the torment of their swellings, which was, indeed, intolerable, running out of their own government, raving and distracted, oftentimes laid violent hands upon themselves, throwing themselves out at their windows, shooting themselves, & c.; mothers murdering their own children in their lunacy; some dying of mere grief, as a passion; some of mere fright and surprise, without any infection at all; others frighted into idiotism and foolish distractions, some into despair and lunacy, others into melancholy madness.

[extra_illustrations.1.513.3] Lothbury,

[extra_illustrations.1.514.1] The bowl of the font

[extra_illustrations.1.515.2] Defoe