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hi thank you so much for being here and

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welcome my name is John Lazur and this

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is the introduction to my series of

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presentations on Tufts religious history

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this introduction I've titled risk

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aversion and radicalism as one of the

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guiding themes for this series of

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presentations though I do admit that it

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becomes more relevant and somewhat less

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relevant in each presentation

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but I'm really excited to walk with you

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through these presentations starting

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with this introduction so for this

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presentation in particular I'm going to

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be looking at the background of this

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project where it came from and how I

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started to approach it in the beginning

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the inciting question and methodology

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that I've developed to work through the

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questions I had the core argument of

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this project as a whole as well as some

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of the sources the theoretical framing

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that I'm working with and then an

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overview of the presentations to come

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so first a little bit of context about

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me and about this project

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so I started at Tufts and immediately

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was swept up into the Interfaith

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community and fell in love with the

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various sacred pieces on campus and then

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eventually I became curious about them

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just where did the inter-religious

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commitment

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um or the commitment to inter-religious

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collaboration Tufts and how was it that

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these spaces especially Goddard Chapel

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uh

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Romanesque church built in the 1880s how

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was it that this space had become a

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multi Sacred Space and been used by more

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than just the Protestant Christian or

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the Catholic communities

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and in my courses in anthropology

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um studying anthropology I really

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appreciated the introductions to fields

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of semiotics and Notions of place making

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and I think these two

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academic touchstones have really guided

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me in looking for theoretical Frameworks

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but also trying to connect This research

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to a slightly broader scale what does it

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mean at Tufts but then also where does

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Tufts fit in with broader questions

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around religiosity and secularism and

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liberal arts education these aren't

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necessarily questions that I answer or

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even address in part in these

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presentations but they were questions

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that came from this academic background

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and really motivated my research over

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the last year

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and third and finally why at Tufts

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um some of the more immediate answers

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are that I met Tufts and I have

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relationships in the community here but

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there's also something specifically

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important about Tufts founding as a

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Universalist institution or founded by

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universalists and I will talk a lot more

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about that in the second presentation

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that addresses universalism

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and the history of tops as a

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Universalist college but there's also

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this moment in the Contemporary time

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that Tufts stands out as an institution

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that has really committed to religious

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pluralism and developed an

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infrastructure as in the University

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chaplaincy that supports religious

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pluralism in really unique ways

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and third and finally and this is a

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little bit less relevant now but there's

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a lot of questions about physical spaces

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and sacred spaces

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and part of this comes from the

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return to being in person and being

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physically together after covid-19 but

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there's also just broader questions

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emerging in the university chaplaincy

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community around how can you make these

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spaces as accessible as possible and I

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think all of these reasons together make

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Tufts a really interesting placement

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about religious history and to think

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about the role of religious pluralism

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or ethical leadership in the development

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of an Institutional identity

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so going back to the beginning of this

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project the question that I was really

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sitting with at the beginning was how

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have institutional discourses and

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student communities shaped narratives of

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religious diversity and pluralism at

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Tufts and reorganized the use of sacred

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spaces on campus

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in this question definitely shifted as I

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developed the project and started to

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balloon out into new directions but at

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the beginning I realized that there was

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going to be a lot at stake in a lot of

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different aspects to this question and I

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developed a methodology that focused on

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three main axes of research archival

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materials theoretical research from

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religious studies or anthropology or

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anthropology of religion

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and then conducting my own oral

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histories which I'll talk about in a

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little bit but within these three axes

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of research I knew that it would be

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important to connect with them so

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drawing on archival materials and Theory

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I was trying to ask questions of what it

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meant to work with an archive in the

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first place but then also how could this

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Theory specifically around

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religious uh or sacred spaces how could

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that inform the materials that I was

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looking for in the archive and the

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questions that I was asking of the Tufts

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archives

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next connecting archival materials and

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oral histories this was the bulk of my

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summer research in 2021 but finding

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materials in the archive helped me

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formulate questions and identify the

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moments or transitions that I was really

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curious about and I could ask questions

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about that to the staff members or

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alumni that I was speaking with in the

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oral history interviews however the

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aerial history oral history is also

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informed

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my reading of the archival materials in

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particular the ways that the archive has

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many gaps especially at a university

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level a lot of the archival materials

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favor the administration and

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institutional Frameworks rather than the

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student experience so by conducting oral

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histories I was attempting in a small

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way to fill in some of those gaps and

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redirect my attention um

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to some extent away from these

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institutional histories at the end I

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think what I have created is an

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Institutional history of sorts but I've

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done my best to incorporate student

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voices and to offer a glimpse of some

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student experiences throughout the time

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third and finally was connecting oral

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histories and uh anthropological Theory

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and I think that's an ongoing process

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for me in terms of

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the coding and identifying themes but a

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lot of this was using Theory to prompt

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new questions or prompt new analyzes of

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the themes that I had identified within

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oral histories

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and so after a year of research where

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does this project

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bringing all of these different parts of

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my methodology together my conclusions

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are vague and uncertain in a lot of

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times

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but I described this project as

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exploring a history of the Tufts

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University chaplaincy through its

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theological Legacy the various material

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Renovations and changes in leadership

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and the dynamic re-articulations of

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sacredness within multi spaces

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and this as a guiding thesis or argument

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for these presentations each

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presentation takes up a small piece and

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some overlap and some really focus in on

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one particular aspect of this argument

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but my attempt is really just to offer

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the history as an unpole part or a

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minimally Told part of the Tufts Legacy

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and to rethink a little bit of what it

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means to be part of religious community

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at Tufts but also what it means for

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Tufts to have this long Legacy of

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religious pluralism and Universalist

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leadership I also want to note that a

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lot of my research has been focused on

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Goddard Chapel as a particular site

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um

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and particularly in the 1970s and 1980s

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i depict Goddard Chapel as a space in

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which the University chaplaincy was able

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to play a role in offering ethical

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leadership to the Tufts University

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community and this was during a time

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when Tufts was growing as an institution

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of higher education and shifting towards

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professional and graduate programs

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and I also examine the ways in this in

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which this particular building and the

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other buildings and spaces in the Sacred

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Space ecology at Tufts have become an

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icon for contemporary ideas and Ethos of

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religious pluralism

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so next I want to talk briefly about

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some of the materials I've been trying

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on for this research

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um as I mentioned earlier archival

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materials have been really important

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um there was an informal Archive of some

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scrapbooks and newspaper clippings that

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I encountered at Goddard Chapel but most

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of my research has been with the Tufts

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digital Collections and archives or the

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Tufts DCA

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primarily I was working in the reading

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room with

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Office of the President records from the

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1980s and 1990s primarily for John

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Mayer's tenure

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and then University chaplaincy records

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from the 1970s to present pretty much

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the entire history of that office since

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it was reinstitutionalized

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there were also a lot of moments in

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which I turned to the digitized

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materials

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for questions of accessibility and

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breadth of research but the newspapers

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at Tufts initiative was really helpful

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in helping me access the records from

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the tops daily or the Tufts Observer the

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toughtonian

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especially when I was looking for

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particular information about a moment or

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movement

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um

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next and I think perhaps most important

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to my research was the oral histories

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that I conducted

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um this is not an exhaustive list of the

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people that I talk to but just to give a

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sense of the kind of people the staff at

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the University chaplain see were a

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really big part of this research

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particularly this mattering of

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University chaplains that I was able to

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talk to as well as some of the associate

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chaplains including Rabbi Summit and

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Cooper who is still

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um they're both still involved with

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Tufts to the day

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today and it was really wonderful to be

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able to talk to all of these people and

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sort of get a sense of how they saw the

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university Championship as an office

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engaging with questions of religious

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pluralism of Sacred Space engaging with

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the legacy of Universalist leadership at

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Tufts and particularly I was interested

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in comparing

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experiences across decades for example

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what Reverend Rick Christman the first

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University chaplain to be appointed

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after the reimagination of the job

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um what he had to say and comparing that

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to what for example Greg McGonagall who

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served up until 2019 might say about a

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particular question and that was a

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really wonderful experience and I'm very

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grateful for all of them for their time

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and Trust in talking to me about this

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project

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the other main group of people that I

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was talking to were alumni from Tufts

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um here's a few and this was really

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helpful for me in order to establish a

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sense of the student experience as I

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mentioned earlier the archival materials

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are not necessarily well set up to offer

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a depiction of student experience

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and so it was really wonderful to be

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able to talk to them and particularly in

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learning about the role of the

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university chaplaincy in a variety of

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student-led movements for justice

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talking to students was really integral

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in understanding how they related to the

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university chaplaincy or to Scotty

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McLennan in particular

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the third and final group of people that

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I want to mention are just the people

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that have had casual or informal

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conversations with me

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um to really come to mind Sol Gittleman

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who's a long time Provost at Tufts and

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the current University chaplain Elyse

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Nelson Winger how we're both really

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helpful in asking really nuanced and

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complex questions that motivated a lot

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of my research and of course talking

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with peers and friends about test

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history or about Interfaith leadership

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at Tufts have been really helpful in

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just founding my research in a community

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and feeling like this is a set of

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important questions for me to ask for

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some of the theoretical framing that

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I've used in this research include the

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following

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um one of the big ones was the essay

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civil religion in America by Robert

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Bella and in this I was really focused

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on his notion of civil religion but

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especially how he engages that with uh

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his notion of times of trial and

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especially at the time of trial in the

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1960s and 1970s

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as I see this really closely related to

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what was happening at tops during that

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period which I talked more about in my

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presentation on academic leadership but

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one of the things that was really

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helpful about engaging with Bella's work

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um is that it offers a way to

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um contextualize the role of religion in

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the U.S the role of religion and a

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notion of an international World Order

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of democracy and through that also

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getting at questions of what is the role

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of religion at Tufts what is the role of

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religion uh or religious leadership at

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this institution of liberal arts

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education

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the next book that was really helpful

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for me was places in motion by Jacob

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Kennard this piece from religious

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studies was really helpful in unfixing

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or destabilizing a notion of sacredness

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in particular spaces and one of the

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arguments that he makes was that was

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really helpful to me was arguing for

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this notion that sacred spaces when they

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are shared by multiple communities are

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always in flux they're always in motion

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and the ways that they shift and

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um are re-articulated by different

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communities is also really important to

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the ways that those religious or

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philosophical identities are foreign

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and the third and final resource that I

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want to mention as far as theoretical

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framing is the privilege of being

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penalted by Italy and all the font which

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came out towards the beginning of my

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research in 2020

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um and

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this book she focuses on the role of

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secularism and art and Catholicism in

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Paris to examine how a Catholic history

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has shaped religious and social

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landscape in Paris

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and for me this book offered a launching

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point to think about some of the

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semiotic questions of Sacred Space at

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Tufts but also framing these questions

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of what is banal at Tufts what are the

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religious Traditions that come in and

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out of uh the foreground or the focus in

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conversations about history and about

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ethical leadership

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and in particular there's a question of

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where does Protestant Christianity fit

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within Tufts history as a Universalist

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institution but then as universalism

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moved away from uh even associating with

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Christianity as a tradition how did that

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change how universalism showed up on

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campus and what are the spaces for

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example about our Chapel how have those

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spaces resisted change and instead held

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on to their earlier

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historical uh iconography

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um and third fourth thing that I want to

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mention is just the legacy of Russell

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Miller at Tufts

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um as a prolific historian and also the

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first archivist at Tufts my work is

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indebted to his

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um research and writing particularly in

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the two volumes that's

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um of light on the hill a history of

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Tufts and also all the larger hope which

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is a in-depth history of the

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Universalist Church of America

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and I think it's notable that he is

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right the historian that's writing both

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of these as far as engaging with this

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intertwined Legacy of universalism and

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Tufts history he was also the first

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archivist as I mentioned uh and many of

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the files and materials I engaged with

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at the DCA

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um were organized according to his

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original infrastructure so there's a lot

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of ways in which I see myself as part of

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his legacy

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and I've done my best to

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honor that but also try to shift some of

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00:14:27,180 --> 00:14:31,079
the stories that he recreated his work

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and incorporate more of the students

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and especially in the Contemporary

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moment

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so almost towards the end I want to

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offer a brief overview of the

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presentations to come in the second

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presentation I look specifically at the

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role of universalism and Universalist

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theology in terms of founding tasks and

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also the point at which Tufts which was

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founded as a universe called

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Universalist college is no longer a

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Universalist school like how does that

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happen and when does that happen

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in the third presentation I examined the

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reinstitutionalization of the University

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chocolaty of the 1970s and also this

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notion of ethical leadership that

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00:15:05,220 --> 00:15:08,899
emerged as a core

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00:15:07,620 --> 00:15:10,500
um

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responsibility of the University

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chaplaincy during the 1980s and 1990s

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in the fourth and the third and fourth

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presentations I turn more to the current

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moment that I've experienced in terms of

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these multi-faith sacred spaces and

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charting the history of the ideals and

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dreams of what multi-faith Sacred Space

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might look like at Tufts and then also

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the

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reality and the challenges that these

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spaces pose um in terms of the ones that

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have been designed specifically as

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multiple spaces or buildings like

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Goddard Chapel that hold on to a very

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specific religious Legacy but are now

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being reinterpreted by specific

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religious or philosophical communities

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00:15:45,899 --> 00:15:50,040
and in the last presentation looking

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specifically at religious pluralism and

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intentional pluralism on campus

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I'm really drawing on my own experience

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being part of this community and

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thinking about where it comes from and

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also what it offers to students and

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staff alike in terms of

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embodying an ethos of pluralism on

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00:16:04,019 --> 00:16:07,079
campus

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finally I want to offer a few

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acknowledgments to the many people who

471
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have made this project possible first

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and foremost to all of the oral history

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participants who spoke with me and

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trusted me with their stories without

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00:16:15,360 --> 00:16:20,579
their theorizing and authenticity this

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00:16:18,600 --> 00:16:22,500
project would not have been possible

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to the many mentors I've had but

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00:16:22,500 --> 00:16:27,000
specifically to Kathy Stanton Tatiana

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00:16:24,600 --> 00:16:28,199
chudakova and Anne Moore without your

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00:16:27,000 --> 00:16:30,000
support

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00:16:28,199 --> 00:16:31,260
um and insightful comments and critiques

482
00:16:30,000 --> 00:16:33,000
this project would not have taken the

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shape that I am so happy it has taken

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today

485
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um to the University chaplaincy staff

486
00:16:35,639 --> 00:16:40,380
thank you for offering me your kind

487
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reassurance and support and probing

488
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questions as I've examined this history

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um to celebrate Discovery Incorporated

490
00:16:45,180 --> 00:16:48,720
uh thank you for funding my research as

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00:16:47,160 --> 00:16:50,699
part of the summer Scholars Program and

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to my cohort from last summer thank you

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00:16:50,699 --> 00:16:53,100
for reminding me that I'm not in this

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00:16:52,079 --> 00:16:55,139
alone

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to Pamela Hopkins and the entire staff

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00:16:55,139 --> 00:16:59,759
at the Tisch Library thank you for

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making your resources and services so

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00:16:59,759 --> 00:17:05,400
accessible and helping me be so excited

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00:17:02,279 --> 00:17:06,900
about our institutions history and

500
00:17:05,400 --> 00:17:09,839
finally to all of my friends and

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00:17:06,900 --> 00:17:11,760
families and beloveds thank you for your

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00:17:09,839 --> 00:17:13,799
patience your support and your love

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00:17:11,760 --> 00:17:15,000
through this project so thank you so

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much and I hope to see you in the next

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few presentations