A comparative risk assessment of the impact of dietary factors on mortality from cardiovascular disease and diabetes in countries in Latin America and the Caribbean
Sisa, Ivan.
2017
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Abstract: Over recent decades, the burden of cardiovascular disease and diabetes has increased in countries in Latin America and Caribbean (LAC). However, there are currently no comprehensive quantitative estimates of how changes in diet have contributed to this shifting burden. This study aims to quantify the extent of cardiometabolic disease (CMD) mortality attributable to 11 dietary factors in ... read more32 countries in LAC between 1990 and 2010. The national dietary exposure distributions were obtained from the NutriCoDE database. The effects of each dietary factor on disease-specific mortality were obtained from a variety of observational studies and clinical trials. The number of cause-specific deaths was obtained from the 2010 Global Burden of disease mortality database. We combined these databases to compute cause-specific population-attributable fractions for 11 dietary factors, which were multiplied by cause-specific mortality to obtain the estimates of individual dietary factors-attributable deaths. Analyses were done by country/age/sex/time; uncertainties of all input data were propagated into final estimates. In 2010, low intakes of nuts and seeds (12.4%), fruits (11.4%), and seafood ω-3 fatty acids (9.6%) were the largest contributors to CMD deaths in the region. Among harmful dietary factors, high intake of sodium (6%) was the leading risk factor for CMD mortality. No single country consistently showed a healthier consumption behavior in any of the dietary factors. Approximately 48% of all CMD occurred prematurely (below the age of 70 years). The countries of Guyana and Trinidad & Tobago experienced the highest rates of CMD mortality while the lowest rates were observed in Peru and the Bahamas. Important similarities and differences were observed in the impact of various dietary factors on CMD mortality across these countries. This data can be used to inform future health policy and program initiatives.
Thesis (M.S.)--Tufts University, 2017.
Submitted to the Dept. of Clinical & Translational Science.
Advisor: Raveendhara Bannuru.
Committee: Gitanjali Singh, and Robin Ruthazer.
Keywords: Epidemiology, and Nutrition.read less - ID:
- x920g822v
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