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Background: Endothelial-dependent atherosclerosis develops in a non-random pattern in regions of vessel bending and bifurcations, where blood flow exhibits disturbed flow (DF) patterns. In contrast, uniform flow (UF), normal endothelium, and healthy vessel walls co-exist within straight vessels. In clarifying how flow protectively or atherogenically regulates endothelial cell behavior, involvement ... read moreof the endothelial surface glycocalyx has been suggested due to reduced expression in regions of atherosclerosis development. Here, we hypothesized that pro-atherosclerotic endothelial dysfunction occurs as a result of DF-induced reduction in glycocalyx expression and subsequently impairs endothelial sensitivity to flow. Specifically, we propose that glycocalyx degradation can induce pro-atherosclerotic endothelial dysfunction through decreased caveolin-1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and localization.
Keywords: Atherosclerosis, Endothelial cells, Fluid shear stress, Glycocalyx, Caveolin, Endothelial-type nitric oxide synthase.
Springer Open.
Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Nutrition, USAID Contract No. AID-OAA-L-10-000006, managed by Tufts University's Gerald J. & Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policyread less
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