Use of hamster as a model to study diet-induced atherosclerosis.
Dillard, Alice.
Matthan, Nirupa R.
Lichtenstein, Alice H.
2010
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Abstract: Golden-Syrian hamsters have been used as an animal model to
assess diet-induced atherosclerosis since the early 1980s. Advantages appeared to
include a low rate of endogenous cholesterol synthesis, receptor-mediated uptake of
LDL cholesterol, cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity, hepatic apoB-100 and
intestinal apoB-48 se... read morecretion, and uptake of the majority of LDL cholesterol via the
LDL receptor pathway. Early work suggested hamsters fed high cholesterol and
saturated fat diets responded similarly to humans in terms of lipoprotein metabolism
and aortic lesion morphology. Recent work has not consistently replicated these
findings. Reviewed was the literature related to controlled hamster feeding studies
that assessed the effect of strain, background diet (non-purified, semi-purified) and
dietary perturbation (cholesterol and/or fat) on plasma lipoprotein profiles and
atherosclerotic lesion formation. F1B hamsters fed a non-purified
cholesterol/fat-supplemented diet had more atherogenic lipoprotein profiles (nHDL-C
> HDL-C) than other hamster strains or hamsters fed cholesterol/fat-supplemented
semi-purified diets. However, fat type; saturated (SFA), monounsaturated or n-6
polyunsaturated (PUFA) had less of an effect on plasma lipoprotein concentrations.
Cholesterol- and fish oil-supplemented semi-purified diets yielded highly variable
results when compared to SFA or n-6 PUFA, which were antithetical to responses
observed in humans. Dietary cholesterol and fat resulted in inconsistent effects on
aortic lipid accumulation. No hamster strain was reported to consistently develop
lesions regardless of background diet, dietary cholesterol or dietary fat type
amount. In conclusion, at this time the Golden-Syrian hamster does not appear to be a
useful model to determine the mechanism(s) of diet-induced development of
atherosclerotic lesions.
Keywords: apolipoprotein, cholesteryl ester, cholesteryl ester transfer protein, Charles River, cardiovascular disease, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, monounsaturated fatty acids, non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, triglyceride.
Springer Open.read less - Dillard, Alice, Nirupa R. Matthan, and Alice H. Lichtenstein. "Use of hamster as a model to study diet-induced atherosclerosis." Nutrition & Metabolism 7, no. 1 (12, 2010): 1-12.
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