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How do different regimes of local government and clientelism shape community organization in low-income neighborhoods of Santiago, Chile and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil? I propose that in Rio, structures of classical clientelism, residents' associations and politicians exchanging votes for services, continue to exist, although weakened by the influence of drug traffickers. Furthermore, the availability ... read moreof national and international private support for grassroots NGOs reduces dependence of community organizations on local governments to address many local needs. In Santiago, the elimination of old organizational structures by the military dictatorship and the increased decentralization of government have allowed municipal governments to monopolize support of local-level organization. Municipality provision of support and services to these communities while denying any expectation of a return creates an implicit clientelism based not on acts of exchange, but on networks formed between municipal officials and local power brokers. I examine the nature of these regimes and organizational structures based on in-depth interviews with social organization leaders and founders of grassroots NGOs in the communities of Nova Holanda in Rio and La Legua in Santiago.read less
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