| Description |
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Background: Integration of retroviral DNA into a germ cell can result in
a provirus that is transmitted vertically to the host's offspring. In humans, such
endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) comprise >8% of the genome. The HERV-K(HML-2)
proviruses consist of ~90 elements related to mouse mammary tumor virus, which causes
breast cancer in ... read moremice. A subset of HERV-K(HML-2) proviruses has some or all genes
intact, and even encodes functional proteins, though a replication competent copy has
yet to be observed. More than 10% of HML-2 proviruses are human-specific, having
integrated subsequent to the Homo-Pan divergence, and, of these, 11 are currently
known to be polymorphic in integration site with variable frequencies among
individuals. Increased expression of the most recent HML-2 proviruses has been
observed in tissues and cell lines from several types of cancer, including breast
cancer, for which expression may provide a meaningful marker of the
disease.
Keywords: Endogenous retrovirus, Provirus, HERV-K, Breast cancer,
Betaretroviridae, MMTV, JSRV.
Springer Open.read less
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This object is in collection
| Citation |
- Wildschutte, Julia, Daniel Ram, Ravi Subramanian, Victoria L.
Stevens, and John M. Coffin. "The distribution of insertionally polymorphic
endogenous retroviruses in breast cancer patients and cancer-free controls."
Retrovirology 11, no. 1 (12, 2014): 1-13.
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